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diff --git a/info/playbook.html b/info/playbook.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7e6b81a --- /dev/null +++ b/info/playbook.html @@ -0,0 +1,1251 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html> +<head> +<title>1989-PLAYBOOK-HiRes_v2</title> +<link rel="stylesheet" href="/fonts/fonts.css"> +<style> +body{background-color:slategray} +div{position:relative;background-color:white;margin:1em auto;box-shadow:1px 1px 8px -2px black} +p{position:absolute;white-space:pre;margin:0} +p{font-family:Tinos,Times New Roman,Times,serif;font-size:12pt;line-height:1.0em} +</style> +</head> +<body> + +<div id="page1" style="background-image:url('playbook1.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:613.9pt;left:158.7pt;font-size:60.0pt">P L AY B O O K</p> +<p style="top:698.4pt;left:299.1pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>TABLE OF CONTENTS </b></p> +<p style="top:727.8pt;left:88.2pt">Card Notes</p> +<div style="color:gray"> +<p style="top:749.2pt;left:88.2pt">Sample Turn +<p style="top:771.2pt;left:88.2pt">The Many Explanations for the Collapse of Communism</p> +<p style="top:792.1pt;left:88.2pt">Confrontation and Cooperation from the West +<p style="top:813.6pt;left:88.2pt">The End of the Socialist Empire +<p style="top:727.8pt;left:404.8pt">The Space of Revolution +<p style="top:749.2pt;left:404.8pt">The Wave of History +<p style="top:770.7pt;left:404.8pt">Dissent in the Police State +<p style="top:792.1pt;left:404.8pt">Clausewitz' Trinity in 1989 +<p style="top:813.6pt;left:404.8pt">Credits. +</div> +</div> + +<div id="page2" style="background-image:url('playbook2.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:292.5pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom</i></b><b><i> </i></b><i>— PLAYBOOK</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:30.9pt;left:46.6pt"><b><i>2</i></b></p> +<p style="top:100.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>1. LEGACY OF MARTIAL LAW: </b>For the Communists the im-</p> +<p style="top:114.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">position of martial law in Poland in December 1981 was a great </p> +<p style="top:128.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">success. The raids that rounded up the leadership of Solidarity were </p> +<p style="top:141.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">meticulously planned and flawlessly executed. Solidarity was totally </p> +<p style="top:155.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">unprepared for the mass arrests, and lost almost all of its money and </p> +<p style="top:169.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">its printing and broadcast equipment. Nonetheless, martial law rep-</p> +<p style="top:183.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">resented an unprecedented humiliation for the Communists. Never </p> +<p style="top:196.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">before had the civilian party become so weak that it had to surrender </p> +<p style="top:210.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">power to the army.</p> +<p style="top:233.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>2. SOLIDARITY LEGALIZED: </b></p> +<p style="top:247.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Polish General Wojciech Jaruzelski </p> +<p style="top:260.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">was the strongest of the Communist </p> +<p style="top:274.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">leaders in Eastern Europe in 1989. </p> +<p style="top:288.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">He was the only leader who had </p> +<p style="top:302.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the confidence of Mikhail Gor-</p> +<p style="top:315.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">bachev, and it was this personal </p> +<p style="top:329.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">relationship with Gorbachev that </p> +<p style="top:343.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">permitted Jaruzelski to proceed with </p> +<p style="top:357.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">his experiment to legalize the Soli-</p> +<p style="top:370.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">darity trade union, which had been </p> +<p style="top:384.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">suppressed under martial law. In </p> +<p style="top:398.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">January 1989, Jaruzelski proposed </p> +<p style="top:412.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">that the government enter talks </p> +<p style="top:425.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">with Solidarity to set conditions </p> +<p style="top:439.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">under which the martial-law-era ban could be lifted. The majority of </p> +<p style="top:453.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Central Committee delegates were opposed, but Jaruzelski stood be-</p> +<p style="top:467.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">fore the meeting and presented an ultimatum: either Solidarity would </p> +<p style="top:480.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">be recognized or he would resign. Faced with losing the core of its </p> +<p style="top:494.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">leadership, the hard-line Central Committee members backed down. A </p> +<p style="top:508.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">few days later Solidarity agreed to enter negotiations with the regime, </p> +<p style="top:522.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">calling the invitation a “basic step toward social dialogue.” Solidarity’s </p> +<p style="top:535.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">leadership had little choice. Solidarity needed the talks to sustain the </p> +<p style="top:549.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">perception that it was the principal opposition to the regime, particu-</p> +<p style="top:563.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">larly after the strikes of April and August 1988, which were driven by </p> +<p style="top:577.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">younger workers who did not owe their allegiance to the old heroes </p> +<p style="top:591.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">of the 1980-81 movement. The talks ultimately resulted in Solidarity </p> +<p style="top:604.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">again being recognized as an independent trade union, and elections </p> +<p style="top:618.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">that would sweep Solidarity into power. For Jaruzelski, his dream of </p> +<p style="top:632.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">becoming the Polish Gorbachev was shattered. His willingness to risk </p> +<p style="top:646.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">his position to bring the party to the negotiating table with Solidarity </p> +<p style="top:659.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">would be quickly forgotten. In the minds of the Polish people he would </p> +<p style="top:673.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">forever remain the face of martial law.</p> +<p style="top:696.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>3. WALESA:</b> Lech Walesa was the most important opposition leader </p> +<p style="top:710.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">of 1989. An electrician by trade, he led the 1980 strikes at the Lenin </p> +<p style="top:723.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Shipyard in Gdansk that began the Solidarity movement. Walesa had </p> +<p style="top:737.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">an unabashed personality, and that complete lack of self-conscious-</p> +<p style="top:751.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">ness gave him the ability to connect to the crowds. Though meagerly </p> +<p style="top:765.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">educated, he was an excellent debater. As a working man Walesa had </p> +<p style="top:778.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">contempt for the intellectual class, but he did work with them, and </p> +<p style="top:792.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the partnership he was able to forge between the intellectuals and </p> +<p style="top:806.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the workers was critical to ending communism in Poland. After 1989 </p> +<p style="top:820.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Walesa became one of the loudest voices in favor of tough lustration </p> +<p style="top:833.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">laws and prosecutions of former Communists for crimes committed </p> +<p style="top:847.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">during the martial law period. This put Walesa in direct opposition to </p> +<p style="top:861.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">his friend and choice for prime minister Tadeusz Mazowiecki, who </p> +<p style="top:875.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">wanted “a thick line” between the democratic and Communist eras. </p> +<p style="top:888.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Walesa defeated Mazowiecki in the Polish presidential election of 1990. </p> +<p style="top:902.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Since that time Walesa’s reputation has suffered, but he remains one </p> +<p style="top:916.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">of the great figures of the second half of the 20th century. </p> +<p style="top:100.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>4. MICHNIK:</b> The democrats in </p> +<p style="top:114.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Poland had a perfect recipe for a </p> +<p style="top:128.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">social revolution: broad support </p> +<p style="top:142.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">among the working class and strong </p> +<p style="top:155.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">intellectual leaders, among them </p> +<p style="top:169.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Jacek Kuron, Bronislaw Geremek, </p> +<p style="top:183.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Tadeusz Mazowiecki and Adam </p> +<p style="top:197.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Michnik. Michnik was part of </p> +<p style="top:210.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the Worker’s Defense Committee </p> +<p style="top:224.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">founded after the Helsinki Accords </p> +<p style="top:238.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">to defend workers arrested during </p> +<p style="top:252.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the 1976 strikes. As a Solidarity </p> +<p style="top:265.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">adviser, he was arrested in the first </p> +<p style="top:279.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">sweep during martial law and spent </p> +<p style="top:293.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the early 1980s in jail. As a result of </p> +<p style="top:307.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the round-table agreement, Michnik </p> +<p style="top:320.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">was able to publish an election newspaper (“Gazeta Wyborcza”) which </p> +<p style="top:334.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">remains Poland’s second largest circulation newspaper. Michnik’s </p> +<p style="top:348.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">essay “Your President, Our Prime Minister” is widely credited for </p> +<p style="top:362.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">establishing the structure for a compromise that allowed Solidarity </p> +<p style="top:375.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">to form Poland’s first non-Communist government in August 1989.</p> +<p style="top:398.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>5. GENERAL STRIKE:</b> Of all the methods of protest chosen by the </p> +<p style="top:412.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">revolutionaries of 1989, the general strike was considered the riskiest, </p> +<p style="top:426.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">both to the regimes and to the movements themselves. A strike was a </p> +<p style="top:439.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">test, a gauge of worker support for the aims of the democratic revo-</p> +<p style="top:453.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">lution. Often the opposition leadership was leery to call them. A poor </p> +<p style="top:467.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">showing of participation risked revealing that the revolution was limit-</p> +<p style="top:481.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">ed to the intelligentsia and the students - that the workers still supported </p> +<p style="top:494.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the regime. For the Communists, already facing economies in crisis, </p> +<p style="top:508.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">a strike broadly supported for an extended period was an existential </p> +<p style="top:522.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">threat and belied their claim to be the vanguard of the working class. </p> +<p style="top:545.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>6. BROUGHT IN FOR QUESTIONING: </b>All the countries of the </p> +<p style="top:558.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Warsaw Pact had security services and all conducted surveillance on </p> +<p style="top:572.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">their own people. Two, the Stasi of East Germany and the Securitate </p> +<p style="top:586.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">of Romania, were particularly central to the events of 1989 and have </p> +<p style="top:600.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">their own event cards. This event represents the general harassment </p> +<p style="top:613.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">that dissidents faced on a daily basis.</p> +<p style="top:636.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>7. STATE RUN MEDIA: </b>Control of the media was critical to main-</p> +<p style="top:650.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">taining support for the regimes. The level of propaganda varied widely </p> +<p style="top:664.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">within the region, with the Polish press generally speaking the most </p> +<p style="top:677.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">free and the Romanian being nothing more than a propaganda machine. </p> +<p style="top:691.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">State control of the press was so strict in Romania that every type-</p> +<p style="top:705.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">writer in the country had to be registered and a sample of the typeface </p> +<p style="top:719.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">submitted to the state, so that it could be compared to any petition or </p> +<p style="top:732.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">samizdat critical of the regime.</p> +<p style="top:755.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>8. PRUDENCE:</b> George Bush was famously prudent, and his caution </p> +<p style="top:769.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">served him well in 1989. Bush cultivated personal relationships with </p> +<p style="top:783.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">foreign leaders, jotting personal notes and making calls. He worked </p> +<p style="top:796.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">closely with Helmut Kohl, especially during the 2-plus-4 talks over </p> +<p style="top:810.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">German reunification. Baker and Shevardnadze also forged a personal </p> +<p style="top:824.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">bond that helped end the Cold War. Most of all, Bush allowed events </p> +<p style="top:838.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">to unfold without undue celebration. He used restraint to try to protect </p> +<p style="top:851.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Gorbachev from attack by Kremlin hardliners. The effects of this event </p> +<p style="top:865.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">represent either side being too cautious.</p> +<p style="top:888.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>9. THE WALL:</b> From the foundation of the GDR in 1949 through </p> +<p style="top:902.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">construction of the Wall in 1961 about 20% of the East German pop-</p> +<p style="top:915.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">ulation left the country, most of them through West Berlin. Worse yet, </p> +<p style="top:70.4pt;left:297.1pt;font-size:20.0pt"><b><span style="color:#ffffff">C A R D N O T E S</span></b></p> +</div> + +<div id="page3" style="background-image:url('playbook3.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:292.0pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom</i></b><b><i> </i></b><i>— PLAYBOOK</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:29.4pt;left:713.5pt"><b><i>3</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">most of the escapees were students, intellectuals and young workers, </p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">leaving behind an aging population. Almost immediately, people at-</p> +<p style="top:94.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">tempted to escape - by running, climbing, digging tunnels, and even </p> +<p style="top:108.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">by homemade air balloon. The border guards, or Green Troops, had </p> +<p style="top:121.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">“shoot-to-kill” orders, and an estimated 200 people were killed trying </p> +<p style="top:135.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">to cross to the West. </p> +<p style="top:158.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>10. CULT OF PERSONALITY:</b> The Ceausescu personality cult was </p> +<p style="top:172.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">carefully managed. Bus loads of people would be taken to the airport to </p> +<p style="top:185.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">greet the Ceausescus when they would return from foreign trips. In any </p> +<p style="top:199.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">newspaper article that quoted the Ceausescus, other people could not </p> +<p style="top:213.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">be named. They insisted their photos be printed with red background </p> +<p style="top:227.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">to remind the people they were leaders of the Romanian revolution. </p> +<p style="top:240.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">When the great Conducator would give a speech, the crowd’s cheering </p> +<p style="top:254.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">would be amplified by speakers. The crowd would perform chants of </p> +<p style="top:268.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">praise such as “Ceausescu and the people!” while holding their banners </p> +<p style="top:282.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">aloft, all orchestrated and monitored by the Securitate. </p> +<p style="top:304.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>11. DISSIDENT ARRESTED: </b>Truncheons pounding on the door was </p> +<p style="top:318.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">a familiar sound for the dissidents of Eastern Europe under commu-</p> +<p style="top:332.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">nism. Many dissidents spent years in prison. In February 1989, Czech </p> +<p style="top:346.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">playwright Vaclav Havel was arrested on charges of hooliganism for </p> +<p style="top:359.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">his part in the Jan Palach Week demonstrations and spent a month in </p> +<p style="top:373.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">jail. His final arrest was on October 27, 1989.</p> +<p style="top:396.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>12. APPARATCHIKS: </b>The game </p> +<p style="top:410.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><i>1989</i> divides the Communist es-</p> +<p style="top:423.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">tablishment into two broad groups: </p> +<p style="top:437.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the elites who are at the top of the </p> +<p style="top:451.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">power structure and enjoy all the </p> +<p style="top:465.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">corresponding privileges of power, </p> +<p style="top:478.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">and the lower tier of party members </p> +<p style="top:492.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">who are in charge of the day-to-day </p> +<p style="top:506.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">operations of the state. These lower </p> +<p style="top:520.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">level bureaucrats are, for the most </p> +<p style="top:533.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">part, Communists in name only. </p> +<p style="top:547.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">For them the party is a means of </p> +<p style="top:561.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">career advancement. By and large </p> +<p style="top:575.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the bureaucrats will survive the </p> +<p style="top:589.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">lustration process and hold import-</p> +<p style="top:602.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">ant positions in post-Communist </p> +<p style="top:616.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">governments.</p> +<p style="top:639.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>13. STASI:</b> The Ministry of State Security was a vast network of </p> +<p style="top:653.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">thousands of spies and hundreds of thousands of informants. It was, </p> +<p style="top:666.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">most of all, the outward manifestation of the East German Communists’ </p> +<p style="top:680.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">obsessive need for control. The other East European security forces </p> +<p style="top:694.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">were mostly instruments of physical suppression. Their tools were </p> +<p style="top:708.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the truncheon, the water cannon, and in the case of the Securitate, the </p> +<p style="top:721.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">bullet. The Stasi was mostly an instrument of oppression of the mind, </p> +<p style="top:735.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">and its tool was information. Millions of people had dossiers in the </p> +<p style="top:749.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Stasi headquarters. Even children were watched. A remark critical of </p> +<p style="top:763.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the regime could follow an individual around for the rest of his life, </p> +<p style="top:776.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">denying him a job or the opportunity to travel.</p> +<p style="top:799.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>14. GORBACHEV CHARMS THE WEST:</b> This card represents </p> +<p style="top:813.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Gorbachev leveraging his foreign policy successes into greater author-</p> +<p style="top:827.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">ity at home, which he used to demote hardliners and elevate supporters </p> +<p style="top:840.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">of his agenda. By ending the Cold War, Gorbachev hoped to ease </p> +<p style="top:854.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">problems in his own economy and buy time to revitalize socialism. </p> +<p style="top:868.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">This card is also a reference to ‘Hannibal Charms Italy’, a strategy </p> +<p style="top:882.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">card from the game <i>“Hannibal: Rome versus Carthage”</i> on which the </p> +<p style="top:895.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><i>1989</i> Power Struggle deck is based.</p> +<p style="top:67.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>15. HONECKER:</b> Honecker was </p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the principal architect of the Berlin </p> +<p style="top:94.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Wall, built while he was a protégé </p> +<p style="top:108.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">of Walter Ulbricht. Honecker rose </p> +<p style="top:122.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">under Ulbricht’s tutelage until 1971, </p> +<p style="top:135.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">when Honecker turned on Ulbricht </p> +<p style="top:149.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">and pushed him aside to seize pow-</p> +<p style="top:163.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">er. Outwardly an ascetic, behind </p> +<p style="top:177.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the walls of his compound he led a </p> +<p style="top:190.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">debauched lifestyle, feasting while </p> +<p style="top:204.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">normal East Germans worked long </p> +<p style="top:218.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">hours for little pay. This facade was </p> +<p style="top:232.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">reflected in East Germany itself. </p> +<p style="top:245.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Projecting an image of success </p> +<p style="top:259.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">rivaling the West, the GDR was </p> +<p style="top:273.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">in fact an economic basket case, </p> +<p style="top:287.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">relying on ever-increasing loans from Western banks to stay afloat. </p> +<p style="top:309.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>16. NOMENKLATURA:</b> Despite the rhetoric of abolishing class </p> +<p style="top:323.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">divisions, the Communists had their own upper class. Members of the </p> +<p style="top:337.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">nomenklatura went to the elite party schools, had drivers for their Volvo </p> +<p style="top:351.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">limousines and shopped at their own stores that were well stocked with </p> +<p style="top:364.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">fresh fruits and imported wines. The life of privilege was in stark con-</p> +<p style="top:378.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">trast to the deprivations of everyday life for the rest of the population.</p> +<p style="top:401.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>17. ROUND-TABLE TALKS:</b> Even the shape of the famous round </p> +<p style="top:415.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">table was a subject of negotiations between Solidarity and the regime. </p> +<p style="top:428.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">In typical Polish fashion one negotiator determined the record distance </p> +<p style="top:442.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">for human expectoration was 8 meters so all agreed the table must </p> +<p style="top:456.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">be at minimum 9 meters in diameter. Humor and a common pride of </p> +<p style="top:470.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Polishness under-girded the negotiations. Overshadowing everything </p> +<p style="top:483.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">was the possibility of Soviet intervention. When one Solidarity rep-</p> +<p style="top:497.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">resentative privately asked General Jaruzelski how far the Soviets </p> +<p style="top:511.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">would permit democratic reforms to proceed in Poland, Jaruzelski </p> +<p style="top:525.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">circumspectly replied, “I don’t know. Let us find out together.” The </p> +<p style="top:538.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">negotiations lasted from February to April 1989. Solidarity was led in </p> +<p style="top:552.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the negotiations by Walesa and Michnik as well as intellectuals such </p> +<p style="top:566.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">as Bronislaw Geremek and (future Prime Minister) Tadeusz Mazow-</p> +<p style="top:580.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">iecki. The government was led by the much hated Czeslaw Kiszczak, </p> +<p style="top:593.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Minister of Internal Affairs during the 1981 imposition of martial law, </p> +<p style="top:607.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">but who was crucial to the ultimate success of the round-table. The </p> +<p style="top:621.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">final results were free elections to a new body called the Senate, and </p> +<p style="top:635.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">permission that Solidarity could contest 35% of the seats in the Sejm. </p> +<p style="top:648.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">The president would be selected by the Sejm so all expected this to </p> +<p style="top:662.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">guarantee that Communists would retain the presidency and control of </p> +<p style="top:676.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">foreign and defense ministries. In game terms this event is drawn and </p> +<p style="top:690.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">played several times in <i>1989.</i> The Polish round-table process as well </p> +<p style="top:703.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">as the outcome would serve as a model for other east bloc states. Each </p> +<p style="top:717.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">would hold its own round-table sessions, though without the strength </p> +<p style="top:731.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">of leadership of Solidarity.</p> +<p style="top:754.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>18. POZSGAY DEFENDS THE REVOLUTION:</b> In 1988 the </p> +<p style="top:767.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Hungarians established a commission to review the events of the 1956 </p> +<p style="top:781.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">revolution. The Soviets and Hungary’s long time ruler Janos Kadar had </p> +<p style="top:795.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">always termed the events of 1956 a “counter-revolution.” One of the </p> +<p style="top:809.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">members of this truth commission was Imre Pozsgay. The historical </p> +<p style="top:822.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">committee’s report was completed on January 27, 1989. Pozsgay, see-</p> +<p style="top:836.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">ing an opportunity for himself, went on the radio the next morning to </p> +<p style="top:850.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">announce the committee’s findings: that the ‘56 revolution was a peo-</p> +<p style="top:864.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">ple’s uprising, not a counter-revolution, and that the participants were </p> +<p style="top:877.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">justified. This news created a sensation throughout Hungary. Finally, </p> +<p style="top:891.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the leaders and participants in the revolution would be rehabilitated. </p> +<p style="top:905.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">There was only one problem: the report had not yet been approved for </p> +</div> + +<div id="page4" style="background-image:url('playbook4.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:292.5pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom</i></b><b><i> </i></b><i>— PLAYBOOK</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:30.9pt;left:46.6pt"><b><i>4</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">release by the government, and the party leadership remained deeply </p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">divided over the events of 1956. Many of them were Kadar loyalists, </p> +<p style="top:94.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Grosz included. The Russians had not been consulted either, and they </p> +<p style="top:108.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">had always taken a much harder line against the Hungarian revolution </p> +<p style="top:121.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">than the Prague Spring. Pozsgay and the other reformers waited ner-</p> +<p style="top:135.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">vously for Soviet response. After several days a Soviet representative </p> +<p style="top:149.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">informed them that there would be no Soviet response. For the first of </p> +<p style="top:163.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">many times in 1989, Leonid Brezhnev was turning over in his grave.</p> +<p style="top:185.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>19. PAPAL VISIT:</b> A visit from John Paul II usually included an open-</p> +<p style="top:199.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">air Mass, which could draw hundreds of thousands. Many, less devout, </p> +<p style="top:213.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">would attend as a silent protest against the Communists.</p> +<p style="top:236.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>20. DEUTSCHE MARKS:</b> The Ost Mark was a non-convertible </p> +<p style="top:249.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">currency, and the East Germans needed D-Marks to pay interest on </p> +<p style="top:263.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">their hard currency debts. One way they earned hard currency was a </p> +<p style="top:277.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">“catch and release” program, in which dissidents would be arrested </p> +<p style="top:291.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">and then ransomed for money to West Germany. </p> +<p style="top:313.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>21. COMMON EUROPEAN HOME: </b>This was the catch phrase of </p> +<p style="top:327.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Gorbachev’s policy towards Western Europe. It was part of his overall </p> +<p style="top:341.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">peace offensive and meant that the Europeans should de-emphasize </p> +<p style="top:355.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the role of NATO and the Warsaw Pact as rival alliances. It was not </p> +<p style="top:368.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">intended to marginalize the Americans so much as to suggest rival </p> +<p style="top:382.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">economic systems could exist side by side without threat of military </p> +<p style="top:396.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">confrontation. The phrase was in contrast to the Bush Administration’s </p> +<p style="top:410.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">policy of “a Europe whole and free.” </p> +<p style="top:432.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>22. Scoring card—POLAND</b></p> +<p style="top:452.3pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>23. Scoring card—HUNGARY</b></p> +<p style="top:475.1pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>24. ST. NICHOLAS CHURCH:</b> </p> +<p style="top:488.8pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">The East German revolution was </p> +<p style="top:502.6pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">largely a leaderless revolution. The </p> +<p style="top:516.3pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">focal point was instead a place of </p> +<p style="top:530.1pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">worship, St. Nicholas Church in </p> +<p style="top:543.8pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Leipzig. The Lutheran church was </p> +<p style="top:557.6pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the only East German institution </p> +<p style="top:571.3pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">that had some independence from </p> +<p style="top:585.1pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the state. In the early 1980s the </p> +<p style="top:598.8pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Church’s political focus was the </p> +<p style="top:612.6pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">nuclear disarmament movement. In </p> +<p style="top:626.3pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">September, 1982, the pastor of St. </p> +<p style="top:640.1pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Nicholas Church, Christian Fuhrer, </p> +<p style="top:653.8pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">began leading services on Monday evenings called Peace Prayers. </p> +<p style="top:667.6pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">These Peace Prayers were small gatherings of the faithful praying for </p> +<p style="top:681.3pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">a peaceful end to the Cold War. They would continue weekly for the </p> +<p style="top:695.1pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">following 7 years. Then in the fall of 1989, quite suddenly, the Peace </p> +<p style="top:708.8pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Prayers would erupt into the Monday Demonstrations.</p> +<p style="top:731.6pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>25. PERESTROIKA:</b> Perestroika was the name for Gorbachev’s </p> +<p style="top:745.3pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">domestic reform policies. The goal was to make socialism more </p> +<p style="top:759.1pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">efficient, though the nature of those policies changed over time. Its </p> +<p style="top:772.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">central components were decentralization, replacement of corrupt </p> +<p style="top:786.6pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">bureaucrats and plant managers, and implementation of very limited </p> +<p style="top:800.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">market reforms grafted onto the socialist system. Some of the Eastern </p> +<p style="top:814.1pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">European Communists gave lip service to perestroika. Ceausescu and </p> +<p style="top:827.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Honecker were openly hostile to it. None made meaningful reforms.</p> +<p style="top:850.6pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>26. HELSINKI FINAL ACT:</b> The adoption of the Helsinki Accords </p> +<p style="top:864.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">was one of the biggest achievements of detente. Brezhnev viewed the </p> +<p style="top:878.1pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">agreements as a victory because it recognized current borders and ef-</p> +<p style="top:891.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">fectively put a stamp of approval on Soviet seizure of the Baltics. He </p> +<p style="top:905.6pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">didn’t take seriously the human rights declarations, but the Helsinki </p> +<p style="top:67.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Final Act became a tool for dissidents across Eastern Europe. In Poland </p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the intellectuals created the K.O.R., the Workers’ Defense Committee. </p> +<p style="top:94.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">In Czechoslovakia Charter 77 was formed, originally to protest the </p> +<p style="top:108.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">banning of the rock group Plastic People of the Universe. Outside the </p> +<p style="top:122.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">K.O.R. these were small groups offering token opposition, but they </p> +<p style="top:135.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">established the framework within which the 1989 revolutionaries would </p> +<p style="top:149.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">operate. Except for Romania, the Communists were concerned about </p> +<p style="top:163.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">their international reputation, and the VP penalty for support checks </p> +<p style="top:177.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">in Student and Intellectual spaces represents the loss of international </p> +<p style="top:190.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">prestige suffered when violating basic norms of human rights. </p> +<p style="top:213.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>27. CONSUMERISM:</b> In the </p> +<p style="top:227.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">1970s the Communists sought </p> +<p style="top:241.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">to gain legitimacy by improving </p> +<p style="top:254.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">living standards, which had fallen </p> +<p style="top:268.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">noticeably behind the West. Em-</p> +<p style="top:282.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">phasis was placed on production of </p> +<p style="top:296.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">consumer goods like refrigerators </p> +<p style="top:309.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">and washing machines. This binge </p> +<p style="top:323.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">was financed by heavy borrowing </p> +<p style="top:337.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">from the West, which set the stage </p> +<p style="top:351.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">for the debt crises of the 1980s. </p> +<p style="top:364.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">The policy of consumerism did </p> +<p style="top:378.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">give Eastern Europeans a taste for </p> +<p style="top:392.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">a better standard of living, and the </p> +<p style="top:406.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">bare store shelves of 1989 created </p> +<p style="top:419.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">discontent that turned many against </p> +<p style="top:433.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the Communists.</p> +<p style="top:456.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>28. FACTORY PARTY CELLS:</b> The Eastern European economies </p> +<p style="top:470.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">were built upon heavy industry. Some facilities employed up to 25,000 </p> +<p style="top:483.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">people. In every factory was the party cell, a legacy of the early days of </p> +<p style="top:497.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the Russian Revolution. In 1989, party representatives were responsi-</p> +<p style="top:511.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">ble for keeping up morale, organizing voluntary work days or official </p> +<p style="top:525.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">holiday observances, and monitoring worker loyalties. The party cells </p> +<p style="top:538.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">also could report under-performing managers or stolen materials to </p> +<p style="top:552.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">central planners. Most of all, the party cell was a reminder to workers </p> +<p style="top:566.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">that the party was a part of every aspect of daily life. </p> +<p style="top:589.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>29. JAN PALACH WEEK:</b> Jan Palach was a student who commit-</p> +<p style="top:602.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">ted suicide by self-immolation in Wenceslas Square in January 1969. </p> +<p style="top:616.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">He was not protesting the Soviet-led invasion of Czechoslovakia so </p> +<p style="top:630.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">much as the acquiescence of the Czechoslovak people to the process </p> +<p style="top:644.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">of normalization. The Czechs retained the reputation of being the least </p> +<p style="top:657.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">rebellious people of the northern tier of Communist states, a reputation </p> +<p style="top:671.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">that would change in 1989. On the 20th anniversary of Jan Palach’s </p> +<p style="top:685.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">death, the human rights group Charter 77 and students in Prague </p> +<p style="top:699.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">organized marches that were violently suppressed. Jan Palach Week </p> +<p style="top:712.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">would be a preview of the Velvet Revolution.</p> +<p style="top:735.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>30. TEAR GAS:</b> Crowds larger than a few dozen usually were dealt </p> +<p style="top:749.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">with by specially trained security forces. In addition to shields and </p> +<p style="top:763.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">night sticks, these units had specially equipped vehicles with tear gas </p> +<p style="top:776.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">and water cannon to disperse crowds. </p> +<p style="top:799.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>31. INTELLIGENTSIA:</b> Most of the intellectual leaders of the 1989 </p> +<p style="top:813.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">revolutions were themselves former Marxists. The most important </p> +<p style="top:827.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">exception was Havel, who was the grandson of a wealthy Czech in-</p> +<p style="top:840.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">dustrialist. The intellectuals became disillusioned with Marxism after </p> +<p style="top:854.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the invasion of Czechoslovakia to crush the Prague Spring reform </p> +<p style="top:868.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">movement. The invasion was the turning point for communism in </p> +<p style="top:882.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Eastern Europe. It showed that the Communists would not permit an </p> +<p style="top:895.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">alternative model of socialism with rights of dissent. For most of the </p> +<p style="top:909.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">‘70s and ‘80s the intellectuals did not call for open defiance of the </p> +</div> + +<div id="page5" style="background-image:url('playbook5.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:292.0pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom</i></b><b><i> </i></b><i>— PLAYBOOK</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:29.4pt;left:713.5pt"><b><i>5</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">regimes. Instead they called for creation of a civil society apart from </p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the totalitarian system - a social space where individuals could interact </p> +<p style="top:94.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">outside party control. Kuron talked about “anti-politics.” Havel talked </p> +<p style="top:108.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">about “living in truth.” The idea was the regimes were too powerful </p> +<p style="top:121.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">to confront directly, but if people could construct an alternative social </p> +<p style="top:135.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">space, and act as if the state did not control their private lives, then </p> +<p style="top:149.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the totalitarian foundation of communism would crack and the edifice </p> +<p style="top:163.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">would eventually be toppled.</p> +<p style="top:185.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>32. PEASANT PARTIES:</b> The “people’s democracies” were supposed </p> +<p style="top:199.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">to be societies where the workers and peasants were at the top of the </p> +<p style="top:213.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">social ladder, as opposed to the “bourgeois democracies” where the </p> +<p style="top:227.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">capitalists were on top. The Communists abolished opposition parties </p> +<p style="top:240.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">but kept the peasant parties, ostensibly to represent the peasants while </p> +<p style="top:254.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the Communists represented the workers. In reality, legislatures were </p> +<p style="top:268.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">little more than window dressing; all decisions were made by the </p> +<p style="top:282.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">party Central Committee, or, more often, a small cadre including the </p> +<p style="top:295.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Communist Party General Secretary and his closest advisers.</p> +<p style="top:318.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>33. SAJUDIS:</b> This card represents </p> +<p style="top:332.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the start of the Singing Revolution, </p> +<p style="top:346.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the independence movements in the </p> +<p style="top:359.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Baltic republics of the USSR. These </p> +<p style="top:373.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">cards have a dual purpose in the </p> +<p style="top:387.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">game as they also represent ethnic </p> +<p style="top:401.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">minorities in Romania and Bulgar-</p> +<p style="top:414.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">ia. Nationalism has always been </p> +<p style="top:428.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">a potent force in Eastern Europe, </p> +<p style="top:442.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">and the Communists were never so </p> +<p style="top:456.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">popular as when they invoked na-</p> +<p style="top:469.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">tionalism against Communists from </p> +<p style="top:483.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">other states. In 1989 tensions rose </p> +<p style="top:497.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">so high between Hungary and Ro-</p> +<p style="top:511.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">mania over Ceausescu’s treatment </p> +<p style="top:524.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">of the Hungarian ethnic minority </p> +<p style="top:538.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">in Transylvania that the Hungarians redeployed some of their armed </p> +<p style="top:552.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">forces from the western border to the Romanian border, and Ceausescu </p> +<p style="top:566.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">made threats of nuclear attack. </p> +<p style="top:589.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>34. FIDESZ:</b> FIDESZ (The Alliance of Young Democrats) was a po-</p> +<p style="top:602.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">litical party of radical students based in Budapest. Members had to be </p> +<p style="top:616.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">under 30 years old. One of its leaders was Viktor Orban, a law student </p> +<p style="top:630.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">at Eotvos Lorand University. Orban’s speech at the reburial of Imre </p> +<p style="top:644.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Nagy criticizing the regime for hypocrisy and calling for Soviet troops </p> +<p style="top:657.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">to withdraw from Hungary made him a national figure. Today FIDESZ </p> +<p style="top:671.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">is the most powerful political party in Hungary, sweeping the 2010 </p> +<p style="top:685.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">parliamentary elections and making Orban Prime Minister of Hungary.</p> +<p style="top:708.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>35. HEAL OUR BLEEDING WOUND: </b>This card represents the </p> +<p style="top:721.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">final withdrawal of the Red Army from Afghanistan on February 15, </p> +<p style="top:735.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">1989. Gorbachev had called the Afghan War the Soviets’ “bleeding </p> +<p style="top:749.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">wound.” Surprisingly, the Communist government in Afghanistan </p> +<p style="top:763.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">held on, defeating the mujahedin in a series of engagements in the </p> +<p style="top:776.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">spring of 1989. This strengthened Gorbachev’s hand when he refused </p> +<p style="top:790.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">to intervene to support the Communists in Eastern Europe.</p> +<p style="top:813.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>36. DASH FOR THE WEST:</b> The last victim shot while trying to </p> +<p style="top:827.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">cross through the Berlin Wall was Chris Gueffroy on February 6, 1989. </p> +<p style="top:840.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">He was 21 years old. His friend Christian Gaudian was also shot but </p> +<p style="top:854.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">survived. He was captured and sentenced to 3 years for first-degree </p> +<p style="top:868.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">illegal border crossing.</p> +<p style="top:891.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>37. NAGY REBURIED:</b> Imre Nagy was the leader of Hungary during </p> +<p style="top:904.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the 1956 revolution. He was a committed Communist, but he was </p> +<p style="top:67.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">repulsed by the excesses of the Stalin era. After the Soviet invasion </p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">of Hungary he was executed on orders of Krushchev and replaced by </p> +<p style="top:94.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Janos Kadar, who remained in power for 30 years. Over the years, the </p> +<p style="top:108.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">lies from the regime about the revolution and circumstances surround-</p> +<p style="top:122.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">ing Nagy’s death had alienated the people from the party. The reform </p> +<p style="top:135.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Communists wanted to reconcile the party to the people by admitting </p> +<p style="top:149.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the lies of the past. One step was to rebury Nagy with state honors. </p> +<p style="top:163.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Kadar’s successor Karoly Grosz opposed Nagy’s rehabilitation, and the </p> +<p style="top:177.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">reinterment ceremony represented a victory for the reform wing of the </p> +<p style="top:190.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">party. Removing the Communist SPs in the elite space represents Grosz </p> +<p style="top:204.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">and the rest of the old guard of the Kadar regime being pushed aside.</p> +<p style="top:227.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>38. THE JULY CONCEPT: </b>This was Todor Zhivkov’s high sounding </p> +<p style="top:241.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">name for a program of reforms to the Bulgarian economy. On paper </p> +<p style="top:254.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">it went farther than perestroika in terms of allowing privatization of </p> +<p style="top:268.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">smaller firms and public-private partnerships. The July Concept has </p> +<p style="top:282.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the distinction of being the only reform proposal in Eastern Europe that </p> +<p style="top:296.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">was criticized in the official Soviet press for going too far, too fast. In </p> +<p style="top:309.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">reality it never went anywhere, but it was a good example of Zhivkov </p> +<p style="top:323.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">trying to be whatever he thought would curry favor with Moscow at </p> +<p style="top:337.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the time. Shameless sycophancy was how he had been able to survive </p> +<p style="top:351.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">as ruler of Bulgaria for more than 30 years.</p> +<p style="top:373.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>39. ECO-GLASNOST:</b> Single issue environmental groups played </p> +<p style="top:387.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">an important role in the 1989 revolutions. Eco-Glasnost was initially </p> +<p style="top:401.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">a movement based in Ruse, Bulgaria, to protest air pollution from a </p> +<p style="top:415.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Romanian chemical plant across the Danube River. Eco-Glasnost later </p> +<p style="top:428.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">became a vehicle for broader anti-Communist protests, and was one of </p> +<p style="top:442.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the founding groups of the Union of Democratic Forces.</p> +<p style="top:465.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>40. HUNGARIAN DEMOCRAT-</b></p> +<p style="top:479.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>IC FORUM:</b> Most of the oppo-</p> +<p style="top:492.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">sition movements in 1989 tried </p> +<p style="top:506.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">to incorporate some reference to </p> +<p style="top:520.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">unity or dialogue in their name: This </p> +<p style="top:534.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Forum, That Forum, Union of these </p> +<p style="top:547.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">or those, Alliance of such and such. </p> +<p style="top:561.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">One reason was that in societies </p> +<p style="top:575.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">where dissent was systematically </p> +<p style="top:589.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">suppressed, merely the idea of dia-</p> +<p style="top:602.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">logue with the regime was radical. </p> +<p style="top:616.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">The second reason was many of </p> +<p style="top:630.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">these umbrella groups contained </p> +<p style="top:644.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">elements that were adverse to one </p> +<p style="top:657.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">another, and united only in their </p> +<p style="top:671.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">opposition to the Communists. </p> +<p style="top:685.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">The M.D.F. was the main opposition party in Hungary, and it was </p> +<p style="top:699.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">more nationalistic than most of the other prominent Eastern European </p> +<p style="top:712.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">opposition groups. It was especially concerned with treatment of Hun-</p> +<p style="top:726.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">garians in Romania and removal of Soviet forces from Hungarian soil. </p> +<p style="top:740.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">This event also represents the Communists abandoning the Leninist </p> +<p style="top:754.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">principle, enshrined in each country's constitution, that the Party must </p> +<p style="top:767.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">retain a "leading role" in society.</p> +<p style="top:790.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>41. CEAUSESCU: </b>Despite rather stiff competition, Nicolae Ceausescu </p> +<p style="top:804.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">may be judged the worst of the Communist leaders in 1989. His early </p> +<p style="top:818.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">defiance of the Soviets (he opposed the 1968 invasion of Czechoslo-</p> +<p style="top:831.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">vakia) made him popular with Western governments, but by 1989 his </p> +<p style="top:845.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Stalinist brutality had made him an international pariah. There was </p> +<p style="top:859.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">virtually no open opposition to the Ceausescu regime inside Romania </p> +<p style="top:873.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">until December 1989. The presence of any criticism was attributed to </p> +<p style="top:886.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">a conspiracy against him, usually imagined to have originated in Bu-</p> +<p style="top:900.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">dapest, Washington, or even Moscow. Romanians whose loyalty was </p> +</div> + +<div id="page6" style="background-image:url('playbook6.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:292.5pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom</i></b><b><i> </i></b><i>— PLAYBOOK</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:30.9pt;left:46.6pt"><b><i>6</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">doubted would be denounced in the party newspaper, or placed under </p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">house arrest. Sometimes they would simply disappear.</p> +<p style="top:103.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>42. Scoring Card—EAST GERMANY</b></p> +<p style="top:126.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>43. Scoring Card—BULGARIA</b></p> +<p style="top:148.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>44. INFLATIONARY CUR-</b></p> +<p style="top:162.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>RENCY: </b>The Eastern European </p> +<p style="top:176.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">economies suffered a problem of </p> +<p style="top:190.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">monetary overhang. Goods were </p> +<p style="top:203.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">priced according to political con-</p> +<p style="top:217.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">siderations rather than supply and </p> +<p style="top:231.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">demand, with prices almost always </p> +<p style="top:245.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">set below the market clearing price. </p> +<p style="top:258.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">This created chronic shortages of </p> +<p style="top:272.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">most necessities, while consumers </p> +<p style="top:286.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">had cash they could not spend. </p> +<p style="top:300.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Attempts to rationalize the system </p> +<p style="top:313.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">usually included partial freeing of </p> +<p style="top:327.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">prices, which typically resulted in </p> +<p style="top:341.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">strikes and unrest. Poland had the </p> +<p style="top:355.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">most severe inflation problems in </p> +<p style="top:368.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">1989, where Consumer Price Inflation for the year reached over 600%.</p> +<p style="top:391.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>45. SOVIET TROOP WITH-</b></p> +<p style="top:405.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>DRAWALS:</b> The presence of So-</p> +<p style="top:419.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">viet troops was always a thorn in </p> +<p style="top:432.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the side of the Eastern Europeans, </p> +<p style="top:446.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">who viewed them as an occupying </p> +<p style="top:460.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">force. As part of Gorbachev’s New </p> +<p style="top:474.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Thinking in foreign relations he </p> +<p style="top:487.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">proposed sweeping reductions </p> +<p style="top:501.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">in Soviet conventional arms in </p> +<p style="top:515.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Europe. These proposals were </p> +<p style="top:529.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">announced at Gorbachev’s UN </p> +<p style="top:543.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">speech in December 1988. Initially </p> +<p style="top:556.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">skeptical of Russian intentions, </p> +<p style="top:570.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">American President George Bush </p> +<p style="top:584.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">found himself playing catch up in </p> +<p style="top:598.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the court of public opinion, as the </p> +<p style="top:611.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">two sides entered a bidding war of who would disarm faster. The result </p> +<p style="top:625.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">was the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, negotiated </p> +<p style="top:639.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">throughout 1989 and signed in 1990. </p> +<p style="top:662.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>46. GOODBYE LENIN!:</b> This is a reference to the popular Ostalgie </p> +<p style="top:675.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">film about an East German Communist woman who falls into a coma </p> +<p style="top:689.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">before the opening of the Berlin Wall. When she recovers the doctors </p> +<p style="top:703.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">tell her son that he must prevent her from discovering the GDR no </p> +<p style="top:717.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">longer exists or the shock might kill her. So her son goes about rec-</p> +<p style="top:730.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">reating life in East Germany in their apartment, including shopping </p> +<p style="top:744.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">for her favorite Spreewald pickles. It’s also a reference to the role of </p> +<p style="top:758.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">pop culture in the revolutions of 1989 and the role of Cold War films </p> +<p style="top:772.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">(<i>Dr. Strangelove</i> and <i>War Games</i>) in the game <i>Twilight Struggle,</i> on </p> +<p style="top:785.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">which <i>1989</i> is based.</p> +<p style="top:808.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>47. BULGARIAN TURKS EXPELLED:</b> Zhivkov started a Bulgar-</p> +<p style="top:822.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">ization campaign against the Turks in the early '80s, requiring ethnic </p> +<p style="top:836.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Turks to adopt Bulgarian sounding names and defacing gravestones </p> +<p style="top:849.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">with Turkish names. Looking for a scapegoat for Bulgaria’s economic </p> +<p style="top:863.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">problems, the Communists ordered the Turks to leave Bulgaria. During </p> +<p style="top:877.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the summer of 1989, hundreds of thousands of ethnic Turks were driven </p> +<p style="top:891.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">from Bulgaria. The move was widely condemned in the international </p> +<p style="top:904.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">community as a human rights abuse. Ironically, the expulsion of the </p> +<p style="top:67.0pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">Turks made Bulgaria’s economic crisis even worse, as city residents </p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">were forced to go into the fields to harvest crops. </p> +<p style="top:103.5pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt"><b>48. “WE ARE THE PEOPLE!”:</b> </p> +<p style="top:117.2pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">This was the most famous chant </p> +<p style="top:131.0pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">of the marchers in the Monday </p> +<p style="top:144.7pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">Demonstrations. They were telling </p> +<p style="top:158.5pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">the “people’s democracies” that </p> +<p style="top:172.2pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">the people were against them. In </p> +<p style="top:186.0pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">the game <i>1989</i> it also represents </p> +<p style="top:199.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">the crowds growing so large, and </p> +<p style="top:213.5pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">the regime growing so weak, that </p> +<p style="top:227.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">the security forces could not to use </p> +<p style="top:241.0pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">violence to stop the demonstrations.</p> +<p style="top:263.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt"><b>49. FOREIGN CURRENCY </b></p> +<p style="top:277.5pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt"><b>DEBT BURDEN: </b>All the Eastern </p> +<p style="top:291.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">Bloc countries except Romania </p> +<p style="top:305.0pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">owed large sums to western gov-</p> +<p style="top:318.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">ernments and banks. These loans were in hard currency so they had </p> +<p style="top:332.5pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">to be repaid using income generated from exports. The debts grew so </p> +<p style="top:346.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">large that they could only be serviced by borrowing ever greater sums, </p> +<p style="top:360.0pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">creating a debt spiral.</p> +<p style="top:382.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt"><b>50. THE SINATRA DOCTRINE:</b> This phrase was coined by Sovi-</p> +<p style="top:396.5pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">et press spokesman Gennadi Gerasimov to describe the new Soviet </p> +<p style="top:410.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">policy toward Eastern Europe that replaced the Brezhnev Doctrine. </p> +<p style="top:424.0pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">Each socialist state would be permitted to pursue its own path, as in </p> +<p style="top:437.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">the Frank Sinatra song “I Did It My Way.”</p> +<p style="top:460.5pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt"><b>51. 40TH ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION:</b> On October 7 the </p> +<p style="top:474.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">East Germans threw a party for the fortieth anniversary of the creation </p> +<p style="top:488.0pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">of the GDR. It was a surreal event with Honecker toasting to the </p> +<p style="top:501.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">achievements of real, existing socialism while attendees could hear </p> +<p style="top:515.5pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">the crowds shouting and demonstrating in the streets outside. During </p> +<p style="top:529.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">the parade, before the reviewing stand of Communist dignitaries, the </p> +<p style="top:543.0pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">representatives of the Free German Youth started chanting “Gorby </p> +<p style="top:556.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">help us!” “Gorby help us!” Honecker pretended not to hear them. </p> +<p style="top:570.5pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">Polish General Secretary Mieczyslaw Rakowski asked Gorbachev if </p> +<p style="top:584.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">he understood the chant. Gorbachev said yes. Rakowski replied, “It’s </p> +<p style="top:598.0pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">over.” Honecker was ousted 11 days later.</p> +<p style="top:620.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt"><b>52. NORMALIZATION:</b> This was the process of removing tens of </p> +<p style="top:634.5pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">thousands of Prague Spring supporters from the government and the </p> +<p style="top:648.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">Czechoslovak Communist party. It was implemented by Milos Jakes, </p> +<p style="top:662.0pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">who later rose to replace Gustav Husak as leader of Czechoslovakia. </p> +<p style="top:675.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">In his rise to power Jakes spoke the words of a reformer, praising per-</p> +<p style="top:689.5pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">estroika, but in reality acted as a hardliner. He refused to rehabilitate </p> +<p style="top:703.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">Dubcek or the other leaders of the Prague Spring. Jakes was widely </p> +<p style="top:717.1pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">mocked by the Czech people as a colorless incompetent.</p> +<p style="top:739.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt"><b>53. LI PENG: </b>Li was the leader of the hardliners that wanted a violent </p> +<p style="top:753.6pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">crackdown on the students in Tiananmen Square. Opposing him was </p> +<p style="top:767.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">Communist Party General Secretary Zhao Ziyang, a liberal who had </p> +<p style="top:781.1pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">been instrumental in China’s move toward an export-based market </p> +<p style="top:794.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">system. Zhao was also a close friend of Hu Yaobang, whose death had </p> +<p style="top:808.6pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">originally prompted the protests (the Reformer Memorialized/Reformer </p> +<p style="top:822.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">Discredited space on the Tiananmen Square track). In the middle was </p> +<p style="top:836.1pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping. Deng sided with Li, and martial law </p> +<p style="top:849.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">was declared. Zhao was removed as CCP General Secretary shortly </p> +<p style="top:863.6pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">after the Tiananmen Square massacre and spent the remaining 15 years </p> +<p style="top:877.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">of his life under house arrest.</p> +</div> + +<div id="page7" style="background-image:url('playbook7.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:292.0pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom</i></b><b><i> </i></b><i>— PLAYBOOK</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:29.4pt;left:713.5pt"><b><i>7</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>54. THE CROWD TURNS AGAINST CEAUSESCU:</b> Inexplicably, </p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">after the uprising in Timisoara started, Ceausescu went to Tehran to </p> +<p style="top:94.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">negotiate an arms deal with the Iranians. He returned on December 21st </p> +<p style="top:108.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">and gave a lengthy harangue to the party Congress, then went out on </p> +<p style="top:121.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the balcony of the Central Committee building to address the crowd. </p> +<p style="top:135.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">This speech was broadcast on live television. After a few moments, </p> +<p style="top:149.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">a murmur went through the crowd. Then the scripted chants stopped, </p> +<p style="top:163.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">and people began to scream, boo and hiss. Others started chanting </p> +<p style="top:176.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">“Timisoara! Timisoara!” and “Death to the Dictator!” Elena shouted, </p> +<p style="top:190.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">“Offer them something.” but Nicolae was too stunned to say anything </p> +<p style="top:204.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">except “Hello! Hello!” Bodyguards rushed him from the balcony, and </p> +<p style="top:218.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the broadcast feed was cut off. But it was too late for the Ceausescus </p> +<p style="top:231.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">- all Romania had seen the start of the revolution.</p> +<p style="top:254.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>55. Scoring Card—CZECHOSLAKIA</b></p> +<p style="top:277.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>56. FOREIGN TELEVISION:</b> </p> +<p style="top:291.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Though travel was restricted across </p> +<p style="top:304.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the Eastern Bloc, the people could </p> +<p style="top:318.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">emigrate every night by watching </p> +<p style="top:332.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">TV. The most popular adult edu-</p> +<p style="top:346.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">cation course in Romania was the </p> +<p style="top:359.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Russian language, so the Roma-</p> +<p style="top:373.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">nians could understand Russian </p> +<p style="top:387.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">TV shows. Bulgarians watched </p> +<p style="top:401.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Yugoslavian TV. East Germans </p> +<p style="top:414.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">kept up with the world through </p> +<p style="top:428.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">West German news and programs </p> +<p style="top:442.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">like “Lindenstrasse”, except for </p> +<p style="top:456.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the area around Dresden (dubbed </p> +<p style="top:469.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">“The Valley of the Clueless”) where </p> +<p style="top:483.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">geography blocked the signal.</p> +<p style="top:506.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>57. CENTRAL COMMITTEE RESHUFFLE:</b> This card represents </p> +<p style="top:520.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the common practice of shoving aside an aging leader to give the party </p> +<p style="top:533.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">a fresh face without changing any policy (Grosz replacing Kadar, </p> +<p style="top:547.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Jakes replacing Husak, and Egon Krenz replacing Erich Honecker). </p> +<p style="top:561.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">This was usually the equivalent of the organ grinder being replaced </p> +<p style="top:575.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">with the monkey.</p> +<p style="top:598.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>58. AUSTRIA-HUNGARY BORDER REOPENED:</b> As part of their </p> +<p style="top:611.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">reform agenda the Hungarian Communists took down the barbed wire </p> +<p style="top:625.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">fence that separated Hungary from Austria. The East Germans, who </p> +<p style="top:639.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">frequently took summer holidays in Hungary, started crossing the open </p> +<p style="top:653.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">border and emigrating through Austria to West Germany, where they </p> +<p style="top:666.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">were granted immediate citizenship. The East German leadership was </p> +<p style="top:680.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">outraged that the Hungarians were violating a treaty by allowing GDR </p> +<p style="top:694.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">citizens to emigrate. The trickle became a flood before the GDR began </p> +<p style="top:708.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">refusing permission to travel to Hungary. </p> +<p style="top:730.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>59. GRENZTRUPPEN:</b> “Green Troops” was the nickname for border </p> +<p style="top:744.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">guards that patrolled the border with West Germany and the Wall. </p> +<p style="top:767.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>60. TOXIC WASTE:</b> Communism was an environmental catastro-</p> +<p style="top:781.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">phe for Eastern Europe. Mining, heavy manufacturing and chemical </p> +<p style="top:794.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">plants were the basis of the economy. There was little environmental </p> +<p style="top:808.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">regulation, and what regulations there were often were ignored. People </p> +<p style="top:822.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">in affected areas suffered greater risk of respiratory and other health </p> +<p style="top:836.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">problems including birth defects, as well as shortened life expectancy.</p> +<p style="top:858.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>61. THE MONDAY DEMONSTRATIONS:</b> After a summer break </p> +<p style="top:872.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the Peace Prayers resumed at St. Nicholas. In September the crowds </p> +<p style="top:886.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">grew from a few hundred to several thousand. The confrontation with </p> +<p style="top:900.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the regime finally reached a climax on October 9th. The local Stasi </p> +<p style="top:67.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">chief made ominous warnings about issuing double allotments of am-</p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">munition and body bags to “defend the achievements of socialism.” A </p> +<p style="top:94.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">group of civic leaders, including conductor Kurt Mazur, broadcast a </p> +<p style="top:108.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">petition across the city calling for non-violence on all sides. At 6 p.m. </p> +<p style="top:122.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">there were 70,000 Leipzigers marching around the Ringstrasse. The </p> +<p style="top:135.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">crowds overwhelmed the Stasi, and without clear orders from Berlin </p> +<p style="top:149.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the local officials backed down. From that point, the regime lost its </p> +<p style="top:163.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">nerve and rapidly collapsed. The demonstrations spread first to Dres-</p> +<p style="top:177.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">den, then to Berlin, where on November 4th 500,000 rallied against </p> +<p style="top:190.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the Communists. The Wall was opened 5 days later.</p> +<p style="top:213.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>62. YAKOVLEV COUNSELS </b></p> +<p style="top:227.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>GORBACHEV:</b> Alexander Ya-</p> +<p style="top:241.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">kovlev and Eduard Shevardnadze </p> +<p style="top:254.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">were the most important advisers </p> +<p style="top:268.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">to Mikhail Gorbachev in 1989. In </p> +<p style="top:282.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">1983, while Gorbachev was Min-</p> +<p style="top:296.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">ister of Agriculture, Yakovlev and </p> +<p style="top:309.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Gorbachev had a chance meeting </p> +<p style="top:323.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">in Canada that would change the </p> +<p style="top:337.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">course of the Cold War. The two </p> +<p style="top:351.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">did not know each other well, so </p> +<p style="top:364.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">they began speaking as if on sort </p> +<p style="top:378.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">of a reform Communist blind date. </p> +<p style="top:392.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Each knew that a single heretical </p> +<p style="top:406.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">statement could be discovered by </p> +<p style="top:419.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the KGB and used by political </p> +<p style="top:433.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">enemies to remove them from their positions in the elite of the party. </p> +<p style="top:447.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Then Yakovlev, perhaps sensing Gorbachev’s willingness to broach </p> +<p style="top:461.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the subject, began to bare his feelings. He later remembered the con-</p> +<p style="top:474.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">versation, “both of us suddenly were just kind of flooded and let go. </p> +<p style="top:488.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">I somehow, for some reason, threw caution to the wind and started </p> +<p style="top:502.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">telling him about what I considered to be utter stupidities in the area </p> +<p style="top:516.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">of foreign affairs, especially about those SS-20 missiles that were </p> +<p style="top:529.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">being stationed in Europe and a lot of other things. And he did the </p> +<p style="top:543.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">same thing. We were completely frank. He frankly talked about the </p> +<p style="top:557.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">problems in the internal situation in Russia. He was saying that under </p> +<p style="top:571.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">these conditions, the conditions of dictatorship and absence of freedom, </p> +<p style="top:584.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the country would simply perish. So it was at that time, during our </p> +<p style="top:598.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">three-hour conversation, almost as if our heads were knocked together, </p> +<p style="top:612.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">that we poured it all out and during that three-hour conversation we </p> +<p style="top:626.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">actually came to agreement on all our main points.” And so it was that </p> +<p style="top:639.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the policies of the Gorbachev era and the end of the Cold War were </p> +<p style="top:653.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">hatched during an agricultural fact finding visit to Canada. Yakovlev’s </p> +<p style="top:667.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">policy would later be termed “initiativism” . The theory was that the </p> +<p style="top:681.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Soviet system was doomed, but if the party reformed quickly enough </p> +<p style="top:694.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">then the people would accept the reformed party and allow it to remain </p> +<p style="top:708.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">in power by democratic means. </p> +<p style="top:731.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>63. GENSCHER:</b> Hans-Dietrich Genscher was Foreign Minister </p> +<p style="top:745.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">of West Germany from 1974 to 1992. In September 1989 Genscher </p> +<p style="top:758.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">brokered a deal with Honecker to allow safe passage for East German </p> +<p style="top:772.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">refugees who had spent weeks camped out in the West German embassy </p> +<p style="top:786.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">in Prague. He played a critical role in relations between East and West </p> +<p style="top:800.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Germany, as well as the development of the European Union and the </p> +<p style="top:813.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">unification of Germany. </p> +<p style="top:836.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>64. LEGACY OF 1968:</b> The era of reform communism (roughly 1964 </p> +<p style="top:850.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">to 1968) reached its peak with the Prague Spring, an experiment of </p> +<p style="top:864.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">“socialism with a human face.” It was led by Slovak Alexander Dubcek. </p> +<p style="top:877.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">In August 1968 Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev launched an invasion </p> +<p style="top:891.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">of Czechoslovakia by the Warsaw Pact (except Romania) to overthrow </p> +<p style="top:905.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Dubcek and the reform Communists. Brezhnev was convinced a rival </p> +</div> + +<div id="page8" style="background-image:url('playbook8.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:292.5pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom</i></b><b><i> </i></b><i>— PLAYBOOK</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:30.9pt;left:46.6pt"><b><i>8</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">model of communism was a threat to communism everywhere. The </p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">legacy of 1968 was a recognition among intellectuals and Communist </p> +<p style="top:94.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">sympathizers in the West that the system was morally bankrupt. After </p> +<p style="top:108.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the horrors of the imposition of communism across the region in the </p> +<p style="top:121.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">late 1940s and early 1950s, many were willing to give communism a </p> +<p style="top:135.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">second chance. They thought only a monster like Stalin, not the system </p> +<p style="top:149.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">itself, could be responsible for such arbitrary brutality. However, the </p> +<p style="top:163.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Brezhnev doctrine stripped away any remaining claim to legitimacy </p> +<p style="top:176.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the system had.</p> +<p style="top:199.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>65. PRESIDENTIAL VISIT:</b> Bush traveled to Warsaw and Budapest </p> +<p style="top:213.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">in July 1989. He met privately with Walesa and the Hungarian opposi-</p> +<p style="top:227.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">tion leadership. Walesa had hoped for an Eastern European Marshall </p> +<p style="top:240.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Plan. He would be disappointed. Bush’s message to the Hungarian </p> +<p style="top:254.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">dissidents was to be prudent, slow down and not to rock the boat. He </p> +<p style="top:268.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">didn’t feel they were ready to take power. The visit amounted to a </p> +<p style="top:282.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">photo opportunity for Bush and little more.</p> +<p style="top:304.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>66. NEW FORUM:</b> New Forum was one of many such organizations </p> +<p style="top:318.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">established in 1989 whose main goal was simply opening a dialogue </p> +<p style="top:332.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">with the regime. It was the first in East Germany. New Forum was </p> +<p style="top:346.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">important in moving the protest movement outside the sanctuary of the </p> +<p style="top:359.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Lutheran churches, but was eventually superseded by events.</p> +<p style="top:382.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>67. REFORMER REHABILITATED:</b> In the midst of the Velvet </p> +<p style="top:396.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Revolution, Havel called for Alexander Dubcek, the leader of the </p> +<p style="top:410.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Prague Spring, to visit the capital. When Dubcek spoke to the crowd </p> +<p style="top:423.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">in Wenceslas Square they cheered him with the phrase “Dubcek to the </p> +<p style="top:437.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">castle!” meaning that he should be reinstalled as ruler of Czechoslova-</p> +<p style="top:451.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">kia. Dubcek stayed in Prague during the revolution and was on stage at </p> +<p style="top:465.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">a press conference with the Civic Forum when it was announced that </p> +<p style="top:478.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the Communist government had resigned. The bittersweet reaction on </p> +<p style="top:492.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Dubcek’s face was in stark contrast to the jubilation in the rest of the </p> +<p style="top:506.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">room. Dubcek was a humanist, but he remained a loyal Communist </p> +<p style="top:520.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">too, one who could have led a reform movement inside the CCP if the </p> +<p style="top:533.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">hardliners had agreed to rehabilitate him. </p> +<p style="top:556.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>68. KLAUS AND KOMAREK: </b></p> +<p style="top:570.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Vaclav Klaus and Valtr Komarek </p> +<p style="top:584.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">were Czech economists that became </p> +<p style="top:598.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">outspoken critics of the regime. </p> +<p style="top:611.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">They are representative of many </p> +<p style="top:625.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">technocrats that worked inside the </p> +<p style="top:639.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Communist system but successfully </p> +<p style="top:653.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">transitioned to take important po-</p> +<p style="top:666.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">sitions in post-Communist govern-</p> +<p style="top:680.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">ments. Klaus became Finance Min-</p> +<p style="top:694.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">ister in December 1989, and later </p> +<p style="top:708.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">became Prime Minister during the </p> +<p style="top:721.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">dissolution of Czechoslovakia. He </p> +<p style="top:735.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">is currently president of the Czech </p> +<p style="top:749.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Republic. They also represent the </p> +<p style="top:763.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">wide range of ideologies inside the </p> +<p style="top:776.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Civic Forum. Klaus is a Thatcherite. Komarek remains one of the </p> +<p style="top:790.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">leading voices for social democratic values in the Czech Republic.</p> +<p style="top:813.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>69. SYSTEMATIZATION: </b>One of the crazier ideas sprung from </p> +<p style="top:827.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Nicolae Ceausescu’s head was to “systematize” Romania by destroy-</p> +<p style="top:840.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">ing small villages and transplanting the villagers to cities. This was </p> +<p style="top:854.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">part of his plan to create a “multilateral developed socialist society.” </p> +<p style="top:868.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Systematization was implemented only on a limited scale, particularly </p> +<p style="top:882.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">around the suburbs of Bucharest. Ceausescu also bulldozed vast swaths </p> +<p style="top:895.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">of downtown Bucharest to create his People’s Palace. Instead of bull-</p> +<p style="top:67.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">dozing, rural villages might be targeted with cutting off electricity, </p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">heating fuel or even supplies of food.</p> +<p style="top:103.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>70. SECURITATE:</b> The Romanian </p> +<p style="top:117.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">secret police were the most violent </p> +<p style="top:131.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">in Eastern Europe, responsible for </p> +<p style="top:144.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the arrest and deaths of thousands </p> +<p style="top:158.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">of people. The Securitate used </p> +<p style="top:172.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">surveillance techniques similar to </p> +<p style="top:186.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the East German Stasi, from wire </p> +<p style="top:199.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">tapping telephones to pregnancy </p> +<p style="top:213.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">testing (as a part of Ceausescu’s </p> +<p style="top:227.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">forced population growth policies). </p> +<p style="top:241.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">The Securitate was also Ceauses-</p> +<p style="top:254.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">cu’s personal military force. They </p> +<p style="top:268.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">were fiercely loyal to him and </p> +<p style="top:282.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">were better equipped (including </p> +<p style="top:296.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">armored personnel carriers) and </p> +<p style="top:309.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">better compensated than the rest of </p> +<p style="top:323.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the Romanian armed forces.</p> +<p style="top:346.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>71. KISS OF DEATH: </b>This is a picture taken at the 40th anniversary </p> +<p style="top:360.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">celebration of the GDR. While in East Germany Gorbachev made </p> +<p style="top:373.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">a few complimentary remarks about the SED, but nothing at all in </p> +<p style="top:387.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">support of Honecker. It was obvious that Gorbachev thought it was </p> +<p style="top:401.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">time for Honecker to go.</p> +<p style="top:424.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>72. PEASANT PARTIES REVOLT:</b> In July, the situation in Poland </p> +<p style="top:437.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">had reached an impasse. After Solidarity’s stunning victory in the June </p> +<p style="top:451.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">elections, Jaruzelski nominated Kiszczak to form a Communist-led </p> +<p style="top:465.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">government. However, all knew the government would have no legiti-</p> +<p style="top:479.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">macy without Solidarity agreeing to participate, and Solidarity refused. </p> +<p style="top:492.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Instead Walesa approached the Communists’ traditional peasant party </p> +<p style="top:506.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">allies in the United People’s Party, which had won some seats in the </p> +<p style="top:520.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Sejm, and they agreed to enter a coalition with Solidarity. It was enough </p> +<p style="top:534.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">for Solidarity to form a government.</p> +<p style="top:556.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>73. LASZLO TOKES:</b> Tokes was an ethnic Hungarian minister of </p> +<p style="top:570.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the Reformed Church and one of the few people inside Romania brave </p> +<p style="top:584.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">enough to criticize the Ceausescu regime. The decision to evict him </p> +<p style="top:598.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">from his home on December 16th led to the Timisoara protests and </p> +<p style="top:611.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">massacre.</p> +<p style="top:634.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>74. FRG EMBASSIES: </b>After the </p> +<p style="top:648.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">opening of the Austro-Hungarian </p> +<p style="top:662.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">border, East Germans started fleeing </p> +<p style="top:675.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">to West Germany through Austria. </p> +<p style="top:689.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">The SED’s response was to close </p> +<p style="top:703.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">off travel to Hungary, which left </p> +<p style="top:717.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">thousands of East Germans strand-</p> +<p style="top:730.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">ed in West German embassies in </p> +<p style="top:744.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Prague and Budapest. The embas-</p> +<p style="top:758.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">sies served as a safe haven until </p> +<p style="top:772.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">a resolution could be negotiated. </p> +<p style="top:785.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Ultimately Honecker allowed the </p> +<p style="top:799.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">refugees to leave, but only if they </p> +<p style="top:813.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">traveled through East Germany first </p> +<p style="top:827.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">so he could claim they had been </p> +<p style="top:840.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">expelled.</p> +<p style="top:863.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>75. EXIT VISAS: </b>Travel was tightly restricted across the Eastern Bloc; </p> +<p style="top:877.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">a visa permitting travel to the West was a coveted prize. </p> +</div> + +<div id="page9" style="background-image:url('playbook9.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:292.0pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom</i></b><b><i> </i></b><i>— PLAYBOOK</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:29.4pt;left:713.5pt"><b><i>9</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>76. WARSAW PACT SUMMIT: </b></p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">The Bucharest Summit was the </p> +<p style="top:94.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">first meeting of leaders since the </p> +<p style="top:108.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Polish elections. In a complete </p> +<p style="top:121.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">reversal of 1968, Ceausescu called </p> +<p style="top:135.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">for armed intervention in Poland </p> +<p style="top:149.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">and Hungary to stop the slide away </p> +<p style="top:163.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">from socialism. Hungarian Prime </p> +<p style="top:176.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Minister Nemeth glanced across </p> +<p style="top:190.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the table to the Soviet delegation, </p> +<p style="top:204.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">where the Soviet representative just </p> +<p style="top:218.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">rolled his eyes and shook his head </p> +<p style="top:231.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">“no.” There would be no repeat of </p> +<p style="top:245.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the ‘56 invasion. </p> +<p style="top:268.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>77. SAMIZDAT:</b> Without a free </p> +<p style="top:282.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">press, dissidents relied on secret publication to spread their message. </p> +<p style="top:295.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Often these were produced by hand or typewriter and laboriously </p> +<p style="top:309.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">re-copied. One of the most famous samizdat was Havel’s essay “The </p> +<p style="top:323.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Power of the Powerless.”</p> +<p style="top:346.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>78. WORKERS REVOLT: </b>Austerity programs were never popular </p> +<p style="top:359.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">with the workers, whether imposed by Communist or post-Communist </p> +<p style="top:373.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">governments. Usually these involved freeing prices and imposing wage </p> +<p style="top:387.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">controls, along with shuttering money-losing factories. Appeasing </p> +<p style="top:401.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">workers through wage concessions had to be balanced against main-</p> +<p style="top:414.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">taining the credibility of fiscal reforms for Western lenders.</p> +<p style="top:437.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>79. THE THIRD WAY:</b> The game <i>1989</i> is a binary system, but most </p> +<p style="top:451.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">of the advocacy groups, and even the Communists themselves, were </p> +<p style="top:465.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">not so easy to classify. For instance the founders of the opposition </p> +<p style="top:478.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">group New Forum did not want to do away with socialism or East </p> +<p style="top:492.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Germany itself. They opposed the materialism of the West German </p> +<p style="top:506.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">“elbow society.” The intellectuals of the GDR such as Christa Wolf </p> +<p style="top:520.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">sought a third way between communism and capitalism, but their ideals </p> +<p style="top:533.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">were swept away in the tide. As the people learned of the wealth of the </p> +<p style="top:547.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Federal Republic and the rampant corruption of the SED leadership, </p> +<p style="top:561.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">opinion turned decisively in favor of unification with West Germany. </p> +<p style="top:584.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>80. NEPOTISM:</b> The old joke in Romania was the Ceausescus were </p> +<p style="top:598.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">building “socialism in one family.” Family connections accounted for </p> +<p style="top:611.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">much of the opportunity for advancement in the Balkans under com-</p> +<p style="top:625.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">munism. Sometimes this would work out well. Lyudmila Zhivkova </p> +<p style="top:639.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">(pictured on the card) was a member of the politburo and acted as a </p> +<p style="top:653.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">cultural minister under her father Todor Zhivkov, promoting the arts. </p> +<p style="top:666.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Her brother Vladimir Zhivkov was a disaster, and his promotion was </p> +<p style="top:680.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">one of the factors that turned the rest of the Bulgarian leadership against </p> +<p style="top:694.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">“Uncle Tosho.” The Ceausescus’ son Nicu Ceausescu (also pictured) </p> +<p style="top:708.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">was a playboy who lost a fortune of the Romanian treasury gambling </p> +<p style="top:721.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">in casinos and entertaining women. </p> +<p style="top:735.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">He drank himself to death and died </p> +<p style="top:749.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">of cirrhosis of the liver in 1996.</p> +<p style="top:772.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>81. THE BALTIC WAY: </b>This was </p> +<p style="top:785.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">a 350 mile chain of people holding </p> +<p style="top:799.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">hands across Estonia, Latvia and </p> +<p style="top:813.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Lithuania on August 23, 1989. </p> +<p style="top:827.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">They were commemorating the 50th </p> +<p style="top:840.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">anniversary of the Molotov - Rib-</p> +<p style="top:854.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">bentrop non-aggression pact, which </p> +<p style="top:868.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">had secret codicils that divided </p> +<p style="top:882.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Poland close to the pre-Napoleonic </p> +<p style="top:895.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">imperial border and ceded the Baltic </p> +<p style="top:909.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">States to Stalin.</p> +<p style="top:67.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>82. SPITZEL:</b> On January 15, 1990 a mob ransacked the Stasi head-</p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">quarters in Berlin. The Stasi files revealed that many prominent East </p> +<p style="top:94.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Germans had been informants. One of the most important spitzel was </p> +<p style="top:108.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the leader of the CDU in East Germany, Lothar de Maziere, who had </p> +<p style="top:122.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">to resign his position in the Kohl government. The Stasi headquarters </p> +<p style="top:135.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">is now a museum.</p> +<p style="top:158.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>83. MODROW:</b> Hans Modrow was the Dresden party chief of the </p> +<p style="top:172.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">SED. After Honecker’s replacement, Egon Krenz, was ousted on </p> +<p style="top:186.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">December 7, Modrow became the de facto leader of East Germany. </p> +<p style="top:199.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Modrow was known as a reformer, but his accession was too late to </p> +<p style="top:213.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">save the party or even the state. His role was principally as a caretaker </p> +<p style="top:227.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">while elections were organized to create a government that would </p> +<p style="top:241.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">negotiate East Germany’s demise.</p> +<p style="top:263.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>84. BREAKAWAY BALTIC REPUBLICS:</b> This event represents the </p> +<p style="top:277.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Baltic States declaring their independence from the USSR. It prevents </p> +<p style="top:291.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><i>‘Gorbachev Charms the West’</i> as an event because Gorbachev could </p> +<p style="top:305.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">no longer translate foreign policy victories into power domestically </p> +<p style="top:318.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">as the USSR broke apart. Lithuania declared independence in March </p> +<p style="top:332.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">1990 and Latvia in May 1990. Estonia’s path to independence was </p> +<p style="top:346.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">more gradual, first adopting a sovereignty declaration in November </p> +<p style="top:360.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">1988 and finally holding a referendum on independence which passed </p> +<p style="top:373.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">easily in January 1991. </p> +<p style="top:396.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>85. TANK COLUMN/TANK MAN: </b>The identity and the fate of the </p> +<p style="top:410.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Tank Man remain a mystery. The men who escorted him off the street </p> +<p style="top:424.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">may have been just bystanders, or they may have been plain clothes </p> +<p style="top:437.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">police. The image of a solitary figure stopping a column of tanks is </p> +<p style="top:451.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">one of the iconic images of 1989.</p> +<p style="top:474.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>86. “THE WALL MUST GO!”:</b> </p> +<p style="top:488.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">On November 9th at the end of a </p> +<p style="top:501.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">long press conference GDR spokes-</p> +<p style="top:515.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">man Gunter Schabowski made a </p> +<p style="top:529.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">comment that travel restrictions </p> +<p style="top:543.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">from East Germany were to be </p> +<p style="top:556.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">lifted. He was asked when would </p> +<p style="top:570.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">this policy take effect, and after </p> +<p style="top:584.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">fumbling through his notes he said </p> +<p style="top:598.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">(mistakenly), “You should have </p> +<p style="top:611.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">this information... err.... The policy </p> +<p style="top:625.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">takes effect immediately.” The </p> +<p style="top:639.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">stunned western reporters ran to </p> +<p style="top:653.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">their telephones to call in the news. </p> +<p style="top:666.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">The news was broadcast by West </p> +<p style="top:680.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">German television back into East </p> +<p style="top:694.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Germany, and people started gathering at the checkpoints to enter West </p> +<p style="top:708.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Berlin. The border guards did not know what to do and could not get </p> +<p style="top:721.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">any direction. The crowds began chanting, “We will be right back!” </p> +<p style="top:735.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">and “The wall must go!” Finally the border guards lifted the gates, </p> +<p style="top:749.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">and the people walked into West Berlin. </p> +<p style="top:772.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>87. KOHL PROPOSES REUNIFICATION:</b> On November 21st </p> +<p style="top:785.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">an envoy from Gorbachev presented Kohl’s adviser Horst Teltschik a </p> +<p style="top:799.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">hastily written note stating that the Soviets were prepared to consider </p> +<p style="top:813.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">all options for the future, “even the unthinkable”, including a united </p> +<p style="top:827.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Germany without nuclear weapons and outside the NATO alliance. </p> +<p style="top:840.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">The Germans were shocked to read this offer, and Kohl decided he </p> +<p style="top:854.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">should take the initiative and propose a plan for reunification. Kohl </p> +<p style="top:868.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">presented a ten point plan on November 28th in a speech before the </p> +<p style="top:882.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Bundestag. The British, the French and the Soviets were not consulted. </p> +<p style="top:895.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">The Americans, the fourth of the Allied powers, were sent a copy of </p> +<p style="top:909.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the text but not in time for it to be read prior to Kohl delivering the </p> +</div> + +<div id="page10" style="background-image:url('playbook10.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:292.5pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom</i></b><b><i> </i></b><i>— PLAYBOOK</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:30.9pt;left:46.6pt"><b><i>10</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">speech. Needless to say the speech generated quite a reaction. Gor-</p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">bachev was infuriated. In a meeting with Genscher the following week </p> +<p style="top:94.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Shevardnadze compared Kohl to Hitler. In the end Kohl got what he </p> +<p style="top:108.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">wanted, a united Germany in NATO.</p> +<p style="top:130.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>88. ADAMEC: </b>In late November, after the resignation of CCP General </p> +<p style="top:144.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Secretary Milos Jakes, Ladislav Adamec became the de facto leader </p> +<p style="top:158.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">of the Czechsolvak Communists. Adamec tried to assemble a coali-</p> +<p style="top:172.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">tion government, appointing various Civic Forum figures as minority </p> +<p style="top:185.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">partners in a Communist-dominated government. The people rejected </p> +<p style="top:199.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">this arrangement, leading to the fall of the Adamec government on </p> +<p style="top:213.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">December 10. </p> +<p style="top:236.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>89. DOMINO THEORY:</b> The Domino Theory was a justification for </p> +<p style="top:249.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">American military intervention in Southeast Asia. It held that if one </p> +<p style="top:263.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">country went Communist other countries in the region would follow. </p> +<p style="top:277.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">1989 saw the Domino Theory working in reverse. Once Poland and </p> +<p style="top:291.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Hungary made democratic reforms, and it became clear there would </p> +<p style="top:304.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">be no Soviet intervention, the dissidents in the other countries became </p> +<p style="top:318.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">emboldened. </p> +<p style="top:341.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>90. CIVIC FORUM:</b> The Velvet </p> +<p style="top:355.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Revolution began November 17th </p> +<p style="top:368.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">as a march to commemorate the </p> +<p style="top:382.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">50th anniversary of the murder of </p> +<p style="top:396.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Jan Opletal who had been killed </p> +<p style="top:410.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">by the Nazis in November 1939. </p> +<p style="top:423.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">The regime cracked down harshly, </p> +<p style="top:437.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">and there were false rumors that </p> +<p style="top:451.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">a student had been killed. The </p> +<p style="top:465.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">students called for a strike, which </p> +<p style="top:478.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">was supported by the actors. Even </p> +<p style="top:492.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">ninety year old Cardinal Frantisek </p> +<p style="top:506.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Tomasek joined in supporting the </p> +<p style="top:520.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">students. On November 19th Civic </p> +<p style="top:533.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Forum was created as the umbrella </p> +<p style="top:547.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">opposition group in the Czech </p> +<p style="top:561.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">lands. Its leadership was an eclectic mix of economists, actors, former </p> +<p style="top:575.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Prague Spring Communists, students, workers and intellectuals who </p> +<p style="top:589.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">assembled nightly in the basement of The Magic Lantern Theater in </p> +<p style="top:602.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Prague. Starting on November 20th, Civic Forum held enormous daily </p> +<p style="top:616.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">rallies in Wenceslas Square that ultimately toppled the regime.</p> +<p style="top:639.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>91. MY FIRST BANANA: </b>There was an approximately 3 week period </p> +<p style="top:653.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">after the opening of the wall on November 9th in which the future of the </p> +<p style="top:666.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">GDR was unclear. After the East Germans had a chance to travel to the </p> +<p style="top:680.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">West (with a 100 DM welcoming present from the West German gov-</p> +<p style="top:694.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">ernment) and see the abundance in the grocery stores and other shops, </p> +<p style="top:708.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">support for a reformed socialism in East Germany started to collapse. </p> +<p style="top:730.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>92. BETRAYAL:</b> The record of cooperation between the Bulgarian </p> +<p style="top:744.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">and Romanian Orthodox churches and the Communist parties made </p> +<p style="top:758.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the Orthodox churches unlikely sources for democratic protest. After </p> +<p style="top:772.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the massacre in Timisoara, Romanian Patriarch Teoctist sent a telegram </p> +<p style="top:785.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">to Ceausescu praising his “brilliant activity” and “daring thinking.”</p> +<p style="top:808.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>93. SHOCK THERAPY:</b> Harvard professor Jeffrey Sachs, then just </p> +<p style="top:822.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">34 years old, served as consultant to Polish Finance Minister Leszek </p> +<p style="top:836.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Balcerowicz in drawing a radical economic plan to transform Poland </p> +<p style="top:849.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">from a command to a free market economy. The plan was dubbed Shock </p> +<p style="top:863.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Therapy because it was designed to give a jolt to the heart instead of </p> +<p style="top:877.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">using piecemeal reforms. Because Poland was facing hyper-inflation, </p> +<p style="top:891.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">interest rates were raised to over 100% and the zloty was pegged to </p> +<p style="top:904.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the dollar. Prices were freed on virtually everything. Money losing </p> +<p style="top:67.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">firms were shuttered, creating massive unemployment in a society </p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">where unemployment had been virtually non-existent. Surviving state </p> +<p style="top:94.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">owned firms were gradually privatized. As a result of Shock Therapy </p> +<p style="top:108.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Poland suffered a severe recession in 1990-1991, but recovered faster </p> +<p style="top:122.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">than other states that took a less aggressive approach. In a remarkable </p> +<p style="top:135.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">success story, since 1991 Poland has enjoyed 20 consecutive years of </p> +<p style="top:149.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">economic growth and was the only EU member state to avoid recession </p> +<p style="top:163.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">during the financial crisis of 2008-2009. </p> +<p style="top:186.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>94. UNION OF DEMOCRATIC FORCES:</b> The UDF was a collec-</p> +<p style="top:199.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">tion of opposition groups in Bulgaria founded December 7, 1989. Its </p> +<p style="top:213.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">leader was philosophy professor Zhelyu Zhelev, who would be elected </p> +<p style="top:227.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">president of Bulgaria in August 1990.</p> +<p style="top:250.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>95. Scoring Card—ROMANIA</b></p> +<p style="top:272.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>96. THE CHINESE SOLUTION:</b> The possibility of security forces </p> +<p style="top:286.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">using live ammunition against the crowds loomed over the events </p> +<p style="top:300.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">of 1989. In Timisoara, protests prompted by the eviction of Father </p> +<p style="top:314.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Tokes resulted in dozens of people being killed by army and Securitate </p> +<p style="top:327.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">agents, and in Bucharest another 1,000 died between December 21 and </p> +<p style="top:341.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">December 25, though most of the victims were killed after the Ceaus-</p> +<p style="top:355.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">escus had been captured. The +3 VP penalty represents international </p> +<p style="top:369.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">condemnation of the use of force against the demonstrators. </p> +<p style="top:391.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>97. THE TYRANT IS GONE:</b> It’s </p> +<p style="top:405.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">remarkable that a man as paranoid </p> +<p style="top:419.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">as Nicolae Ceausescu had no escape </p> +<p style="top:433.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">plan in the event of an uprising or </p> +<p style="top:446.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">coup. After the crowd turned against </p> +<p style="top:460.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">him, Ceausescu and his wife Elena </p> +<p style="top:474.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">spent the night of December 21st </p> +<p style="top:488.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">in the Central Committee building, </p> +<p style="top:501.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">then attempted to escape the follow-</p> +<p style="top:515.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">ing day by helicopter. By radio the </p> +<p style="top:529.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">pilot was given instructions to land, </p> +<p style="top:543.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">and put the helicopter down only </p> +<p style="top:556.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">40 miles from Bucharest, telling </p> +<p style="top:570.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the Ceausescus that he had to land </p> +<p style="top:584.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">because they were going to be fired </p> +<p style="top:598.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">upon. The Ceausescus then stole a </p> +<p style="top:611.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">car but were quickly captured and transported to a nearby army base. </p> +<p style="top:625.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">On Christmas Day there was a farcical trial, and they were put against </p> +<p style="top:639.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the wall and shot.</p> +<p style="top:662.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>98. POLITBURO INTRIGUE:</b> In </p> +<p style="top:675.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">early November, Zhivkov created </p> +<p style="top:689.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">another international embarrass-</p> +<p style="top:703.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">ment when he ordered a crackdown </p> +<p style="top:717.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">against Eco-Glasnost in front of a </p> +<p style="top:730.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">group of Western delegates to the </p> +<p style="top:744.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Conference on Security and Coop-</p> +<p style="top:758.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">eration in Europe meeting in Sofia. </p> +<p style="top:772.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">The CSCE (now the OSCE) is the </p> +<p style="top:785.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Helsinki working group, and to </p> +<p style="top:799.6pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">have public beatings while hosting </p> +<p style="top:813.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">a human rights conference did not </p> +<p style="top:827.1pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">help Bulgaria’s reputation. A long </p> +<p style="top:840.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">planned palace coup against Zhivkov </p> +<p style="top:854.6pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">was launched on November 10th, </p> +<p style="top:868.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">and he was replaced by the coup’s </p> +<p style="top:882.1pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">instigator Petr Mladenov. Mladenov himself was forced to resign in </p> +<p style="top:895.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">July 1990 when tapes surfaced of him calling for violent suppression </p> +<p style="top:909.6pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11pt">of a UDF rally in December 1989, saying “The tanks had better come.”</p> +</div> + +<div id="page11" style="background-image:url('playbook11.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:292.0pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom</i></b><b><i> </i></b><i>— PLAYBOOK</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:29.4pt;left:707.0pt"><b><i>11</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>99. LIGACHEV: </b>Yegor Ligachev was the leading voice of the hard-</p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">liners inside the Kremlin in 1989. Ligachev challenged Gorbachev’s </p> +<p style="top:94.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">hands off policy toward Eastern Europe, arguing instead for “the class </p> +<p style="top:108.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">nature” of Soviet foreign policy.</p> +<p style="top:130.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>100. STAND FAST:</b> This card </p> +<p style="top:144.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">represents supporters of either side </p> +<p style="top:158.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">resisting the crowd mentality that </p> +<p style="top:172.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">swayed so many in 1989. Polls </p> +<p style="top:185.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">showed majorities of Eastern Eu-</p> +<p style="top:199.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">ropeans supported the egalitarian </p> +<p style="top:213.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">goals of socialism, while rejecting </p> +<p style="top:227.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the corrupt and failed Communist </p> +<p style="top:240.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">parties. For most people the 1989 </p> +<p style="top:254.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">revolutions were not ideological; </p> +<p style="top:268.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">they rejected utopian visions for </p> +<p style="top:282.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the future. They just wanted to live </p> +<p style="top:295.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">normal lives. Certainly the work-</p> +<p style="top:309.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">ers who revolted did not want to </p> +<p style="top:323.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">replace communism with a system </p> +<p style="top:337.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">that would immediately close their </p> +<p style="top:350.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">money-losing factory. Still, people could get caught up in the moment </p> +<p style="top:364.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">as part of the crowd. Voices of moderation were drowned out by pro-</p> +<p style="top:378.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">verbial calls of “Off with their heads!” </p> +<p style="top:401.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>101. ELENA: </b>The personality cult around Elena Ceausescu rivaled that </p> +<p style="top:414.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">of her husband. She was poorly educated, but in Romanian propaganda </p> +<p style="top:428.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">she became a brilliant chemist, taking credit for research conducted </p> +<p style="top:442.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">by real scientists. </p> +<p style="top:465.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>102. NATIONAL SALVATION FRONT:</b> In Romania, the revolution </p> +<p style="top:478.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">began before an opposition movement had even emerged, and there </p> +<p style="top:492.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">simply were no dissidents to form an opposition leadership. Instead </p> +<p style="top:506.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the second tier of the Communist party assumed the mantle of the op-</p> +<p style="top:520.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">position. At first they promised free elections and democratic reforms, </p> +<p style="top:533.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">but soon reneged on those promises.</p> +<p style="top:556.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>103. GOVERNMENT RESIGNS: </b>The final capitulation of the re-</p> +<p style="top:570.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">gimes might take the form of a resignation en masse by the government. </p> +<p style="top:584.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">This happened in December in East Germany and Czechoslovakia.</p> +<p style="top:607.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>104. NEW YEAR’S EVE PARTY:</b> The historic year 1989 ended with </p> +<p style="top:620.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">a party at the Brandenburg Gate on New Year’s Eve. The party has </p> +<p style="top:634.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">become an annual tradition in Berlin, with more than a million people </p> +<p style="top:648.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">celebrating on New Year’s Eve each year. This card is a Communist </p> +<p style="top:662.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">event because it represents time running out on the Democratic player. </p> +<p style="top:684.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>105. PUBLIC AGAINST VIOLENCE:</b> Historically, support for </p> +<p style="top:698.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">communism was weaker in Slovakia than in Bohemia and Moravia. </p> +<p style="top:712.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Public Against Violence was the Slovak counterpart of Civic Forum, </p> +<p style="top:726.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">and like Civic Forum it broke apart quickly after the Velvet Revolution. </p> +<p style="top:739.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Most of the leadership of Public Against Violence would go on to lead </p> +<p style="top:753.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia, which advocated for Slovak </p> +<p style="top:767.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">independence, resulting in the Velvet Divorce and the dissolution of </p> +<p style="top:781.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">Czechoslovakia on January 1, 1993.</p> +<p style="top:803.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt"><b>106. SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC PLATFORM ADOPTED:</b> After </p> +<p style="top:817.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">the 1989 Revolutions, the Communist parties renamed themselves </p> +<p style="top:831.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">and splintered into factions. The reformed Communists adopted a </p> +<p style="top:845.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">left wing agenda that respected the new institutions of democracy. </p> +<p style="top:858.7pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:11pt">The Bulgarian Communists, renamed the Bulgarian Socialist Party, </p> +<p style="top:67.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">would retain power in free elections in March 1990. The Romanian </p> +<p style="top:80.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Communists also remained in power through less honest means. The </p> +<p style="top:94.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">other Communists would return to power as social democrats across </p> +<p style="top:108.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the region in the mid to late 1990s.</p> +<p style="top:131.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>107. MASSACRE IN TIMISOARA:</b> On December 16th a small </p> +<p style="top:144.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">group of parishioners of Timisoara’s Hungarian Reformed church </p> +<p style="top:158.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">started protesting outside the church over the eviction of their pastor </p> +<p style="top:172.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Father Tokes. The church was near a train stop, and Romanian workers </p> +<p style="top:186.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">on the way to their factories saw the protest and started joining in. The </p> +<p style="top:199.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">crowd quickly grew and turned into an anti-Ceausescu demonstration. </p> +<p style="top:213.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">The demonstration turned to a riot as the crowd moved to ransack the </p> +<p style="top:227.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">party headquarters. The following day Securitate and army elements </p> +<p style="top:241.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">fired on the crowds, killing more than 80 people. News of the massa-</p> +<p style="top:254.7pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">cre spread to Bucharest, and outrage at the events helped foment the </p> +<p style="top:268.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">revolution beginning on December 21st.</p> +<p style="top:291.2pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>108. ARMY BACKS REVOLUTION:</b> The morning of December </p> +<p style="top:305.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">22nd, it was reported that the Romanian Defense Minister Vasile Milea </p> +<p style="top:318.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">had shot himself after being discovered as a traitor. This was the turning </p> +<p style="top:332.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">point for the army. Assuming Milea had been murdered for refusing </p> +<p style="top:346.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">orders to fire on the crowds, the army decisively turned against the </p> +<p style="top:360.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Ceausescus. The ensuing three days saw bloody street fights between </p> +<p style="top:373.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the army and elements of the Securitate still loyal to the regime; </p> +<p style="top:387.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">however, it was often unclear who was shooting at whom. Many of </p> +<p style="top:401.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the Securitate wore plainclothes and simply slipped away, while many </p> +<p style="top:415.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">ordinary Romanians were caught in the crossfire.</p> +<p style="top:437.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>109. KREMLIN COUP!:</b> This card represents the overthrow of </p> +<p style="top:451.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Gorbachev by conservatives in the party. The abortive coup against </p> +<p style="top:465.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Gorbachev was launched in August 1991 and accelerated the disso-</p> +<p style="top:479.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">lution of the USSR.</p> +<p style="top:501.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt"><b>110. MALTA SUMMIT:</b> In De-</p> +<p style="top:515.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">cember, 1989 Bush and Gorbachev </p> +<p style="top:529.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">held a summit on the island of Malta </p> +<p style="top:543.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">to discuss the rapidly changing situ-</p> +<p style="top:556.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">ation in Eastern Europe. The meet-</p> +<p style="top:570.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">ings had been scheduled to take </p> +<p style="top:584.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">place aboard Soviet and American </p> +<p style="top:598.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">warships on the Mediterranean Sea. </p> +<p style="top:611.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Unfortunately there was terrible </p> +<p style="top:625.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">weather in Malta, and a number of </p> +<p style="top:639.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the scheduled meetings were can-</p> +<p style="top:653.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">celled because of sea sickness. This </p> +<p style="top:666.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">summit can be considered the end of </p> +<p style="top:680.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the Cold War. In its place there was </p> +<p style="top:694.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">to be a “New World Order.” The </p> +<p style="top:708.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">New World Order was supposed </p> +<p style="top:721.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">to begin with co-operation between the super powers to combat arms </p> +<p style="top:735.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">trafficking and terrorism, and gradual inclusion of the Soviet Union </p> +<p style="top:749.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">in international organizations such as the G-7. It also entailed future </p> +<p style="top:763.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">debt relief to Eastern Europe through the International Monetary Fund </p> +<p style="top:776.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">and the World Bank. This grandiose talk sounded somewhat out of </p> +<p style="top:790.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">character for the prudent Mr. Bush, and he was criticized by some for </p> +<p style="top:804.3pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">not being more ambitious in support of Gorbachev. This New World </p> +<p style="top:818.0pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">Order would be brief, as the United States would find itself at war in </p> +<p style="top:831.8pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">the Gulf in 1990, and the Soviet Union itself would collapse and cease </p> +<p style="top:845.5pt;left:393.7pt;font-size:11pt">to exist in 1991.</p> +</div> + +</body> +</html> diff --git a/info/playbook1.jpg b/info/playbook1.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..9c06866 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/playbook1.jpg diff --git a/info/playbook10.jpg b/info/playbook10.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..28c0a91 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/playbook10.jpg diff --git a/info/playbook11.jpg b/info/playbook11.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..347295d --- /dev/null +++ b/info/playbook11.jpg diff --git a/info/playbook2.jpg b/info/playbook2.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..72332ec --- /dev/null +++ b/info/playbook2.jpg diff --git a/info/playbook3.jpg b/info/playbook3.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..f93719a --- /dev/null +++ b/info/playbook3.jpg diff --git a/info/playbook4.jpg b/info/playbook4.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..b76ed35 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/playbook4.jpg diff --git a/info/playbook5.jpg b/info/playbook5.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..58e0e2b --- /dev/null +++ b/info/playbook5.jpg diff --git a/info/playbook6.jpg b/info/playbook6.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..335edde --- /dev/null +++ b/info/playbook6.jpg diff --git a/info/playbook7.jpg b/info/playbook7.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..a72ff1c --- /dev/null +++ b/info/playbook7.jpg diff --git a/info/playbook8.jpg b/info/playbook8.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..9038943 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/playbook8.jpg diff --git a/info/playbook9.jpg b/info/playbook9.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..c9ccc0b --- /dev/null +++ b/info/playbook9.jpg diff --git a/info/reference.html b/info/reference.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6d55c8a --- /dev/null +++ b/info/reference.html @@ -0,0 +1,188 @@ +<!doctype html> +<title>Andean Abyss Reference</title> +<meta name="viewport" content="width=600"> +<link rel="stylesheet" href="/fonts/fonts.css"> +<style> +html { font-family: "Tinos", serif; } +h1, h2 { font-family: "Source Sans", sans-serif } +html { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.25; } +h1 { text-align: center } +h1 { font-size: 24px; } +h2 { font-size: 18px; } +body { margin: 0 auto; padding: 20px; max-width: 600px; } +h1, h2, h3, p { padding: 0; margin: 8px 0; } +ul, ol { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 20px; } +p.ind { text-indent: -25px; padding-left: 25px } +.box { margin: 12px; padding: 12px; border: 2px solid #444; } +</style> + +<h1> +1989 PLAYER AID CARD +</h1> + +<div class="box" style="background-color:#d4effc"> +<h2> +TURN SEQUENCE +</h2> +<p> +1. Deal Strategy Cards +<br> +2. Play Action Rounds +<br> +3. Make Extra Support Check (if applicable) +<br> +4. Verify Held Cards +<br> +5. Celebrate New Year’s Eve Party (if applicable) +<br> +6. Advance Turn Marker +<br> +7. Calculate Final Scoring (after turn 10) +</div> + +<div class="box" style="background-color:#cde4ab"> +<h2> +9.2 COUNTRY SCORING TERMS +</h2> +<p> +<b>Presence:</b> A player has Presence in a country if it controls at +least one space in that country. +<p> +<b>Domination:</b> A player achieves Domination of a country if +he controls more spaces in that country than his opponent and +he controls more Battleground spaces in that country than his +opponent. A player must control at least one non-Battleground +and one Battleground space in a country in order to achieve +Domination of that country. +<p> +<b>Control:</b> A player has Control of a country if he controls more +spaces in that country than his opponent and he controls all of +the Battleground spaces in that country. +</div> + +<div class="box" style="background-color:#d4effc"> +<h2> +6.2 SUPPORT CHECKS +</h2> + +<p> +<b>PURPOSE:</b> To reduce opponent Support in a country, and +possibly to add friendly support if the Support check is successful enough. + +<p> +<b>PROCEDURE:</b> Each Strategy Card played for Support Checks +gives two Support Checks to the Phasing Player, regardless of +the card’s Operations value. The player must resolve the first +Support Check before declaring the next target. + +<p> +<b>REQUIREMENT:</b> To attempt a Support Check in a space, +the space must have opponent SPs. + +<p> +<b>RESOLUTION:</b> Multiply the Stability Number of the target +space by two (x2). Then roll a die, and add the Ops value of +the card played to the die roll plus any DRMs as listed below. +If the modified die roll is greater than the doubled Stability +Number, the Support Check succeeds, and the phasing player +removes opposing SPs equal to the difference from the target +space. If there are insufficient opposing SPs to remove, add +friendly SPs to make up the difference. + +<p> +<b>DIE ROLL MODIFIERS:</b> +<ul> +<li> ++1 for each adjacent friendly controlled space +<li> +−1 for each adjacent opponent controlled space + +</div> + + +<div class="box" style="background-color:#ffe4a6"> +<h2> +6.3 TIANANMEN SQUARE ATTEMPT +</h2> + +<p> +<b>PURPOSE:</b> To move a players Tiananmen Square marker to +the next box on the track. + +<p> +<b>PROCEDURE:</b> Roll a die and add the Operations value of the card to the total. Modify this total: +<ul> +<li> ++1 if the card played is the player’s own Event. +<li> ++1 if this is the second or subsequent attempt to advance to the box. +<li> ++1 if the <i>‘Li Peng’</i> Event is in play and the attempting player is the Communist. +</ul> + +<p> +<b>SUCCESS:</b> If the total matches or exceeds the number required to advance to next box (printed in the box in the color +of the appropriate player), the player moves his marker forward +to the new box. + +</div> + +<div class="box" style="border:3px solid #0073ab"> +<h2> +POWER STRUGGLE SEQUENCE +</h2> + +<p class="ind"> +<b>1. Deal Cards:</b> The players are dealt cards from the Power +Struggle deck based upon the number of spaces they control +in the country. + +<p class="ind"> +<b>2. Raise the Stakes:</b> Players may choose to increase the rewards and +penalties of the Power Struggle by discarding 3 of their Power Struggle cards + +<p class="ind"> +<b>3. Play Cards:</b> Players play Power Struggle cards one at a time, +until the winner of the Power Struggle is determined. + +<p class="ind"> +<b>4. Aftermath:</b> After the winner of the Power Struggle is +decided, there are two die rolls. The first determines how +much Support the loser must remove from the country, and +the second determines how many Victory Points the winner +receives (and, if the winner is the Democrat, whether or not +the Communist is toppled from power). + +<p class="ind"> +<b>5. Scoring:</b> Finally, the country is scored according to the rules +in section 9.1, with the VP marker moving accordingly. + +</ol> + +<p> +Note: all steps of a Power Struggle must be completed before +checking the VP marker for auto-victory. + +<h2> +AFTERMATH DIE ROLL MODIFIERS +</h2> + +<p class="ind"> +−2 modifier to both rolls if a <b>Petition</b> was used to win the Power Struggle. + +<p class="ind"> ++2 modifier to both rolls if a Rally in the Square was used to win the Power Struggle. + +<p class="ind"> ++1 modifier to both rolls if either player <b>Raised the Stakes</b> in the Power +Struggle, add a +1 for each player who did so. (Even if the player who Raised +the Stakes loses, the +1 modifier still applies.) + +<p class="ind"> ++1 modifier to both rolls if the ‘Yakovlev Counsels Gorbachev’ Event is in +effect and the Democrat won the Power Struggle. + +</div> + + + diff --git a/info/rulebook.html b/info/rulebook.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5a96362 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook.html @@ -0,0 +1,1393 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html> +<head> +<title>1989-RULES-2020-1</title> +<link rel="stylesheet" href="/fonts/fonts.css"> +<style> +body{background-color:slategray} +div{position:relative;background-color:white;margin:1em auto;box-shadow:1px 1px 8px -2px black} +p{position:absolute;white-space:pre;margin:0} +p{font-family:Tinos,Times New Roman,Times,serif;font-size:12pt;line-height:1.0em} +</style> +</head> +<body> + +<div id="page1" style="background-image:url('rulebook1.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:605.2pt;left:153.4pt;font-size:60.0pt">R U L E B O O K</p> +<p style="top:682.1pt;left:300.3pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>TABLE OF CONTENTS</b></p> +<p style="top:711.5pt;left:99.4pt">1.0</p> +<p style="top:711.5pt;left:135.6pt"><a href="#page2">Introduction</a> +<p style="top:729.2pt;left:99.4pt">2.0</p> +<p style="top:729.2pt;left:135.6pt"><a href="#page2">Components</a> +<p style="top:746.9pt;left:99.4pt">3.0</p> +<p style="top:746.9pt;left:135.6pt"><a href="#page5">Game Set Up</a> +<p style="top:764.6pt;left:99.4pt">4.0</p> +<p style="top:764.6pt;left:135.6pt"><a href="#page5">Game Sequence</a> +<p style="top:782.3pt;left:99.4pt">5.0</p> +<p style="top:782.3pt;left:135.6pt"><a href="#page6">Card Play</a> +<p style="top:800.0pt;left:99.4pt">6.0</p> +<p style="top:800.0pt;left:135.6pt"><a href="#page7">Operations</a> +<p style="top:817.7pt;left:99.4pt">7.0</p> +<p style="top:817.7pt;left:135.6pt"><a href="#page9">Events</a> +<p style="top:711.5pt;left:404.4pt">8.0</p> +<p style="top:711.5pt;left:440.6pt"><a href="#page10">Power Struggles</a> +<p style="top:729.2pt;left:404.4pt">9.0</p> +<p style="top:729.2pt;left:440.6pt"><a href="#page12">Country Scoring</a> +<p style="top:746.9pt;left:404.4pt">10.0</p> +<p style="top:746.9pt;left:440.6pt"><a href="#page13">Victory Conditions</a> +<p style="top:764.6pt;left:404.4pt">11.0</p> +<p style="top:764.6pt;left:440.6pt"><a href="#page14">Card Clarifications</a> +<p style="top:782.3pt;left:404.4pt">12.0</p> +<p style="top:782.3pt;left:440.6pt"><a href="#page14">U.S.S.R. Stability Track</a> +<p style="top:800.0pt;left:404.4pt">13.0</p> +<p style="top:800.0pt;left:440.6pt"><a href="#page14">Play Balance Mechanism</a> +<p style="top:817.7pt;left:404.4pt"><a href="#page15">Index</a> +</div> + +<div id="page2" style="background-image:url('rulebook2.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:282.4pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom </i></b><i>— RULES OF PLAY</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:30.9pt;left:46.6pt"><b><i>2</i></b></p> +<p style="top:299.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">1.0 INTRODUCTION</span></b></p> +<p style="top:328.5pt;left:45.0pt">As the year 1989 begins, the Cold War between the United States </p> +<p style="top:343.5pt;left:45.0pt">and the Soviet Union is drawing to a close. For forty years the </p> +<p style="top:358.5pt;left:45.0pt">continent of Europe has been divided by an iron curtain separating </p> +<p style="top:373.5pt;left:45.0pt">East and West. Now the new Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev </p> +<p style="top:388.5pt;left:45.0pt">has launched a program of reforms—glasnost (“openness”) and </p> +<p style="top:403.5pt;left:45.0pt">perestroika (“restructuring”)—in an attempt to revitalize socialism. </p> +<p style="top:418.5pt;left:45.0pt">He has also announced unilateral arms reductions that are wildly </p> +<p style="top:433.5pt;left:45.0pt">popular in the West. The long twilight struggle between the two </p> +<p style="top:448.5pt;left:45.0pt">superpowers is finally coming to an end.</p> +<p style="top:472.5pt;left:45.0pt">These changes are not popular with everyone, however. For the </p> +<p style="top:487.5pt;left:45.0pt">Communists of Eastern Europe, the force of Soviet arms has always </p> +<p style="top:502.5pt;left:45.0pt">protected them from the rebellions of their own people. Now the </p> +<p style="top:517.5pt;left:45.0pt">Eastern European Communists are on their own.</p> +<p style="top:541.5pt;left:45.0pt">At the start of 1989, the political situation in Eastern Europe ap­</p> +<p style="top:556.5pt;left:45.0pt">pears normal. As they have for decades, a small power elite (acting </p> +<p style="top:571.5pt;left:45.0pt">through a massive bureaucracy) retains unquestioned power in each </p> +<p style="top:586.5pt;left:45.0pt">country. However, beneath the surface, there are signs of decay. The </p> +<p style="top:601.5pt;left:45.0pt">inefficiencies of the command economy, the end of Soviet subsidies, </p> +<p style="top:616.5pt;left:45.0pt">and the debt accrued through heavy borrowing from Western banks </p> +<p style="top:631.5pt;left:45.0pt">have brought the economies of Eastern Europe to various stages </p> +<p style="top:646.5pt;left:45.0pt">of crisis. In a classic pre-revolutionary situation, the Communists </p> +<p style="top:661.5pt;left:45.0pt">have begun to doubt their own legitimacy to rule. </p> +<p style="top:685.5pt;left:45.0pt">In <i>1989: Dawn of Freedom,</i> the players will recreate the momentous </p> +<p style="top:700.5pt;left:45.0pt">revolutions of 1989. One player is the Communist. He will need to </p> +<p style="top:715.5pt;left:45.0pt">use a wise combination of crackdowns, concessions and reforms </p> +<p style="top:730.5pt;left:45.0pt">to try to hold on to power. The other player is the Democrat. He </p> +<p style="top:745.5pt;left:45.0pt">will try to use the leadership of the intellectuals and the street </p> +<p style="top:760.5pt;left:45.0pt">protests of the students to generate a critical mass of opposition to </p> +<p style="top:775.5pt;left:45.0pt">the regimes in order to launch a revolution. Both players will try to </p> +<p style="top:790.5pt;left:45.0pt">swing the workers to their side. At the start of the game, the Com­</p> +<p style="top:805.5pt;left:45.0pt">munist holds power in each country. The Democrat will attempt to </p> +<p style="top:820.5pt;left:45.0pt">topple the Communist from power through resolution of scoring </p> +<p style="top:835.5pt;left:45.0pt">cards. The longer the Communist retains power in a country, the </p> +<p style="top:850.5pt;left:45.0pt">more points he scores. The player most successful in advancing </p> +<p style="top:865.5pt;left:45.0pt">his cause wins the game.</p> +<p style="top:65.0pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">2.0 COMPONENTS</span></b></p> +<p style="top:93.7pt;left:393.8pt"><i>1989</i> contains the following:</p> +<p style="top:111.6pt;left:393.8pt">• Two countersheets</p> +<p style="top:129.3pt;left:393.8pt">• This rules booklet</p> +<p style="top:147.0pt;left:393.8pt">• 22” x 34” map</p> +<p style="top:164.7pt;left:393.8pt">• 2 player aid cards</p> +<p style="top:182.4pt;left:393.8pt">• 110 strategy cards</p> +<p style="top:200.1pt;left:393.8pt">• 52 Power Struggle cards</p> +<p style="top:217.8pt;left:393.8pt">• 2 six-sided dice</p> +<p style="top:248.5pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>2.1 THE GAME MAP</b></p> +<p style="top:268.2pt;left:393.8pt"><b>2.1.1</b> The map is divided into six countries that are in play: East </p> +<p style="top:283.2pt;left:393.8pt">Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania and Bul­</p> +<p style="top:298.2pt;left:393.8pt">garia. Bordering countries such as Yugoslavia are shown but are </p> +<p style="top:313.2pt;left:393.8pt">not in play. The spaces that belong to a country share the same </p> +<p style="top:328.2pt;left:393.8pt">background color.</p> +<p style="top:352.2pt;left:393.8pt"><b>2.1.2 Eastern Europe and the Balkans:</b> East Germany, Poland, </p> +<p style="top:367.2pt;left:393.8pt">Czechoslovakia, and Hungary are considered to be in Eastern Eu­</p> +<p style="top:382.2pt;left:393.8pt">rope. Romania and Bulgaria are considered to be in the Balkans. </p> +<p style="top:397.2pt;left:393.8pt">Certain Event cards affect one region or the other.</p> +<p style="top:421.2pt;left:393.8pt"><b>2.1.3 Socio-Economic Icons:</b> Spaces in a country represent geo­</p> +<p style="top:436.2pt;left:393.8pt">graphic locations, but they also abstractly represent various socio-</p> +<p style="top:451.2pt;left:393.8pt">economic segments of society. The icon in the upper right corner </p> +<p style="top:466.2pt;left:393.8pt">of each space lets players know what type of space it is:</p> +<p style="top:484.2pt;left:393.8pt">• Elite space (limousine) - At the top of Communist </p> +<p style="top:499.2pt;left:405.0pt">society are a power elite. These are Central Commit­</p> +<p style="top:514.2pt;left:405.0pt">tee party members, ministers in the government and regional </p> +<p style="top:529.2pt;left:405.0pt">party bosses. These individuals enjoy special privileges under </p> +<p style="top:544.2pt;left:405.0pt">communism.</p> +<p style="top:561.9pt;left:393.8pt">• Bureaucrat space (star) - Beneath the power elite are </p> +<p style="top:576.9pt;left:405.0pt">large numbers of bureaucrats who are in charge of the </p> +<p style="top:591.9pt;left:405.0pt">day-to-day operations of the socialist state. The elites rely on the </p> +<p style="top:606.9pt;left:405.0pt">bureaucrats to maintain control over the country.</p> +<p style="top:624.6pt;left:393.8pt">• Farmer space (sickle) - These spaces represent rural areas. </p> +<p style="top:642.3pt;left:393.8pt">• Worker space (hammer) - These spaces represent the </p> +<p style="top:657.3pt;left:405.0pt">largest portion of the population. They are most of the </p> +<p style="top:672.3pt;left:405.0pt">Battleground spaces. Across the region the Workers are </p> +<p style="top:687.3pt;left:405.0pt">inclined toward socialism in principle. Still, they are fed </p> +<p style="top:702.3pt;left:405.0pt">up with the failures of the Communist parties. Beneath the surface </p> +<p style="top:717.3pt;left:405.0pt">there are signs that the social contract between the workers and </p> +<p style="top:732.3pt;left:405.0pt">the Party is weakening.</p> +<p style="top:750.0pt;left:393.8pt">• Intellectual space (typewriter) - These represent dissi­</p> +<p style="top:765.0pt;left:405.0pt">dents who are attempting to create a civil society outside </p> +<p style="top:780.0pt;left:405.0pt">the reach of the Communist system. They can provide </p> +<p style="top:795.0pt;left:405.0pt">leadership and a voice to the democratic movements.</p> +<p style="top:812.7pt;left:393.8pt">• Student space (Victory sign) - The students are the vanguard of </p> +</div> + +<div id="page3" style="background-image:url('rulebook3.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:281.8pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom </i></b><i>— RULES OF PLAY</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:29.4pt;left:713.5pt"><b><i>3</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:56.2pt">protest against the regimes. They are easy to activate by the Dem­</p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:56.2pt">ocrat, but they face harsh suppression by the Communist.</p> +<p style="top:99.6pt;left:45.0pt">• Church space (church) - These spaces represent religious </p> +<p style="top:114.6pt;left:56.2pt">institutions. The Catholic Church in Poland and Evangel­</p> +<p style="top:129.6pt;left:56.2pt">ical Lutheran Church in East Germany are the most important </p> +<p style="top:144.6pt;left:56.2pt">institutions in their countries outside the control of the </p> +<p style="top:159.6pt;left:56.2pt">Communist Party. In contrast, the Orthodox Churches </p> +<p style="top:174.6pt;left:56.2pt">have made accommodations with the regimes.</p> +<p style="top:192.3pt;left:45.0pt">• Minority space (Muslim Crescent and the Székely Sun </p> +<p style="top:207.3pt;left:56.2pt">and Moon) - These spaces represent important minority </p> +<p style="top:222.3pt;left:56.2pt">groups, such as Turks in Bulgaria and Hungarians in </p> +<p style="top:237.3pt;left:56.2pt">Romania. In Eastern Europe, and especially </p> +<p style="top:252.3pt;left:56.2pt">in the Soviet Union, the Communists face a </p> +<p style="top:267.3pt;left:56.2pt">“nationalities problem” of peoples aspiring to </p> +<p style="top:282.3pt;left:56.2pt">autonomy or even independence.</p> +<p style="top:308.5pt;left:45.0pt"><b>2.1.4 Stability number:</b> Each space has a Stability Number in </p> +<p style="top:323.5pt;left:45.0pt">its upper right hand corner. This number determines how much </p> +<p style="top:338.5pt;left:45.0pt">Support is necessary to control the space, and also represents the </p> +<p style="top:353.5pt;left:45.0pt">space’s resistance to Support Checks.</p> +<p style="top:377.5pt;left:45.0pt"><b>2.1.5 Battleground Spaces:</b> Battleground spaces have a multi-col­</p> +<p style="top:392.5pt;left:45.0pt">ored background. All other spaces are normal spaces. Battleground </p> +<p style="top:407.5pt;left:45.0pt">spaces are the same as normal spaces, </p> +<p style="top:422.5pt;left:45.0pt">but they have special rules for country </p> +<p style="top:437.5pt;left:45.0pt">Scoring (see 9.0).</p> +<p style="top:461.5pt;left:45.0pt"><b>2.1.6 Lines: </b>Spaces are connected to one another via lines on the </p> +<p style="top:476.5pt;left:45.0pt">map. A space is considered adjacent to all other spaces to which </p> +<p style="top:491.5pt;left:45.0pt">it is connected.</p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:393.8pt"><b>2.1.7 Controlling Spaces:</b> Each space on the map is either consid­</p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:393.8pt">ered to be controlled by one of the players, or it is uncontrolled. A </p> +<p style="top:96.9pt;left:393.8pt">space is considered controlled by a player if the player’s Support </p> +<p style="top:111.9pt;left:393.8pt">Points (SPs) in the space exceeds his opponent’s SPs in that space </p> +<p style="top:126.9pt;left:393.8pt">by at least the space’s Stability Number.</p> +<p style="top:155.9pt;left:399.4pt"><i>EXAMPLE: Dresden has a Stability Number of 4. If the Democrat </i></p> +<p style="top:170.9pt;left:399.4pt"><i>doesn’t have any SPs in Dresden, the Communist needs at least </i></p> +<p style="top:185.9pt;left:399.4pt"><i>4 SPs there to control the space. If the Communist has 2 SPs </i></p> +<p style="top:200.9pt;left:399.4pt"><i>there, the Democrat needs at least 6 SPs there to have control.</i></p> +<p style="top:398.0pt;left:393.8pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Democrat controls Budapest and Eotvos Lorand </i></p> +<p style="top:413.0pt;left:393.8pt"><i>U. The Communist controls Miskolc. Neither player controls Ta­</i></p> +<p style="top:428.0pt;left:393.8pt"><i>tabanya or Szeged.</i></p> +<p style="top:450.5pt;left:393.8pt"><b>2.1.8</b> Some spaces contain small numbers with blue or red back­</p> +<p style="top:465.5pt;left:393.8pt">grounds in the lower left or lower-right portions of the space. These </p> +<p style="top:480.5pt;left:393.8pt">numbers indicate SPs placed in that space at set up.</p> +<p style="top:504.5pt;left:393.8pt"><b>2.1.9 Scoring Boxes:</b> Each country has a Scoring Box on the map. </p> +<p style="top:519.5pt;left:393.8pt">The Scoring Box shows the Victory Points (VPs) players score for </p> +<p style="top:534.5pt;left:393.8pt">Presence, Domination, and Control during scoring. It also shows </p> +<p style="top:549.5pt;left:393.8pt">who has Power in the country and how many times the Communist </p> +<p style="top:564.5pt;left:393.8pt">has scored for Power so far in the game (see 8.4.4 – 8.4.7).</p> +<p style="top:628.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11.2pt">Placement Box for marker</p> +<p style="top:650.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11.2pt">Country Name</p> +<p style="top:671.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11.2pt">Country Scoring Values</p> +<p style="top:693.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11.2pt">Space</p> +<p style="top:714.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11.2pt">The two open spots in each </p> +<p style="top:727.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11.2pt">space are for placing Sup­</p> +<p style="top:739.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11.2pt">port Point markers</p> +<p style="top:761.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11.2pt">Connecting Line</p> +<p style="top:782.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11.2pt">Stability Number</p> +<p style="top:804.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11.2pt">Socio-Economic Icon</p> +<p style="top:825.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:11.2pt">At Start Set Up Information</p> +<p style="top:684.5pt;left:636.6pt;font-size:11.2pt">Back</p> +<p style="top:782.8pt;left:565.0pt;font-size:11.2pt">Front</p> +<p style="top:782.8pt;left:636.6pt;font-size:11.2pt">Back</p> +<p style="top:640.7pt;left:570.7pt;font-size:11.2pt"><b>Support Markers</b></p> +<p style="top:857.8pt;left:559.9pt;font-size:10.0pt"><i>The front or darker side is </i></p> +<p style="top:869.7pt;left:552.9pt;font-size:10.0pt"><i>used if the player controls the </i></p> +<p style="top:881.5pt;left:585.1pt;font-size:10.0pt"><i>space (2.1.4).</i></p> +<p style="top:684.0pt;left:564.8pt;font-size:11.2pt">Front</p> +<p style="top:667.2pt;left:586.5pt;font-size:11.2pt">Communist</p> +<p style="top:766.5pt;left:590.5pt;font-size:11.2pt">Democrat</p> +</div> + +<div id="page4" style="background-image:url('rulebook4.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:282.4pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom </i></b><i>— RULES OF PLAY</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:30.9pt;left:46.6pt"><b><i>4</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:45.0pt"><b>2.1.10 Victory Point Track: </b>The Victory Point Track shows a </p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:45.0pt">range of scoring possibilities from Communist –20 (Communist </p> +<p style="top:96.9pt;left:45.0pt">automatic victory) to Democrat +20 (Democrat automatic victory). </p> +<p style="top:111.9pt;left:45.0pt">At the start of the game, place the VP marker in the center of the </p> +<p style="top:126.9pt;left:45.0pt">chart, in the box marked “0.” Whenever a player gains or loses </p> +<p style="top:141.9pt;left:45.0pt">Victory Points, the VP marker is moved to track these changes.</p> +<p style="top:170.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The VP marker is on the +10 space (Democrat win­</i></p> +<p style="top:185.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>ning) and the Communist gains 2 VP. The VP marker is moved 2 </i></p> +<p style="top:200.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>boxes in favor of the Communist to the +8 space on the VP track.</i></p> +<p style="top:232.3pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>2.2 THE STRATEGY DECK</b></p> +<p style="top:252.0pt;left:45.0pt"><b>2.2.1</b> There are 110 Strategy cards used in the game. Except for </p> +<p style="top:267.0pt;left:45.0pt">Scoring cards, all strategy cards contain an Operations Point </p> +<p style="top:282.0pt;left:45.0pt">(“Ops”) value, an Event title and an Event description. Scoring </p> +<p style="top:297.0pt;left:45.0pt">cards are labeled “COUNTRY NAME—Scoring” and must be </p> +<p style="top:312.0pt;left:45.0pt">played sometime during the turn they are drawn.</p> +<p style="top:336.0pt;left:45.0pt"><b>2.2.2</b> Each non-Scoring card has a symbol to indicate which side </p> +<p style="top:351.0pt;left:45.0pt">is associated with its Event, as follows:</p> +<p style="top:368.9pt;left:45.0pt">• Cards with a Red star are associated with the Communist.</p> +<p style="top:386.6pt;left:45.0pt">• Cards with a Blue star are associated with the Democrat.</p> +<p style="top:404.3pt;left:45.0pt">• Cards with a Silver star are associated with both sides.</p> +<p style="top:430.5pt;left:45.0pt"><b>2.2.3</b> Non-Scoring Cards may be played in one of two ways, as Events </p> +<p style="top:445.5pt;left:45.0pt">or for Operations. Scoring cards are always played as Events.</p> +<p style="top:469.5pt;left:45.0pt"><b>2.2.4</b> Cards with an asterisk in the Event title that are played for the </p> +<p style="top:484.5pt;left:45.0pt">Event are removed from the game. Cards that are not permanently </p> +<p style="top:499.5pt;left:45.0pt">removed from the game are placed in a face up pile adjacent to </p> +<p style="top:514.5pt;left:45.0pt">the draw deck. This is called the discard pile. The players may </p> +<p style="top:529.5pt;left:45.0pt">examine the discard pile.</p> +<p style="top:553.5pt;left:45.0pt"><b>2.2.5</b> Cards with the Event title underlined are Lasting Events that </p> +<p style="top:568.5pt;left:45.0pt">have persistent effects when they are played as Events (see 7.2).</p> +<p style="top:592.5pt;left:45.0pt"><b>2.2.6</b> Cards with the Event title in red indicate a card that is a pre­</p> +<p style="top:607.5pt;left:45.0pt">requisite for another event. Exception: <i>Helsinki Final Act</i> is red, </p> +<p style="top:622.5pt;left:45.0pt">but not a prerequisite for another Event (see 11.3).</p> +<p style="top:65.9pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>2.3 THE POWER STRUGGLE DECK</b></p> +<p style="top:85.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>2.3.1</b> There are 52 Power Struggle cards used in the game. They </p> +<p style="top:100.6pt;left:393.8pt">are used when a Power Struggle (8.0) is triggered by the playing </p> +<p style="top:115.6pt;left:393.8pt">of a Scoring card.</p> +<p style="top:139.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>2.3.2</b> There are three types of Power Struggle cards:</p> +<p style="top:160.2pt;left:393.8pt"><b>• Suited:</b> The main cards used in the Power Struggle. They are </p> +<p style="top:175.2pt;left:405.0pt">grouped into the following suits: Rally in the Square, Strike, </p> +<p style="top:190.2pt;left:405.0pt">March, and Petition. </p> +<p style="top:207.9pt;left:393.8pt"><b>• Leaders:</b> All leaders correspond to certain type of space (e.g. </p> +<p style="top:222.9pt;left:405.0pt">Elite, Worker, or Student). Leaders can be used as a suited card </p> +<p style="top:237.9pt;left:405.0pt">in any suit the player wishes, but only if the player controls a </p> +<p style="top:252.9pt;left:405.0pt">space of the corresponding type in the country where the Power </p> +<p style="top:267.9pt;left:405.0pt">Struggle is taking place. If the player does not control such a </p> +<p style="top:282.9pt;left:405.0pt">space, the card is worthless and can only be discarded.</p> +<p style="top:308.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Communist controls Bydgoszcz (Polish Elite </i></p> +<p style="top:323.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>space) and Lodz (one of many Polish worker spaces). He can </i></p> +<p style="top:338.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>use an Elite Leader card or a Worker Leader card. He cannot </i></p> +<p style="top:353.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>use a Church Leader card because he does not control the Polish </i></p> +<p style="top:368.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Church space.</i></p> +<p style="top:393.1pt;left:393.8pt"><b>• Wild Cards:</b> Special cards that have specific game effects de­</p> +<p style="top:408.1pt;left:405.0pt">scribed on them.</p> +<p style="top:428.8pt;left:393.8pt"><b>2.3.3 </b>Suited and Leader cards have a rank printed on them. This </p> +<p style="top:443.8pt;left:393.8pt">value affects the determination of initiative in the Power Struggles.</p> +<p style="top:720.5pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>2.4 MARKERS</b></p> +<p style="top:740.2pt;left:393.8pt"><b>2.4.1 Support Markers:</b> The struggle for power across the board </p> +<p style="top:755.2pt;left:393.8pt">is tracked by Support markers. The number on a Support marker </p> +<p style="top:770.2pt;left:393.8pt">denotes the number of Support Points it represents.</p> +<p style="top:788.1pt;left:393.8pt">• Support markers are treated like cash, in the sense that players </p> +<p style="top:803.1pt;left:405.0pt">may ‘break’ a large denomination into smaller denominations </p> +<p style="top:818.1pt;left:405.0pt">at any time. Additionally, the number of Support markers in </p> +<p style="top:833.1pt;left:405.0pt">the game is not an absolute limit. Small poker chips, coins, or </p> +<p style="top:848.1pt;left:405.0pt">wooden blocks can be utilized to substitute in the event of a </p> +<p style="top:863.1pt;left:405.0pt">marker shortage.</p> +<p style="top:880.8pt;left:393.8pt">• If a player controls a space, his Support Markers should be placed </p> +<p style="top:895.8pt;left:405.0pt">darker side face up to denote this. If not, place the lighter side </p> +<p style="top:910.8pt;left:405.0pt">face up.</p> +<p style="top:672.4pt;left:267.6pt;font-size:11.2pt">Card Number</p> +<p style="top:695.1pt;left:267.6pt;font-size:11.2pt">Early/Middle/Late </p> +<p style="top:708.9pt;left:267.6pt;font-size:11.2pt">deck indicator</p> +<p style="top:731.6pt;left:267.6pt;font-size:11.2pt">Ops Value (Color of </p> +<p style="top:745.1pt;left:267.6pt;font-size:10.0pt">star indicates Communist </p> +<p style="top:757.6pt;left:267.6pt;font-size:10.0pt">(Red), Democrat (Blue) </p> +<p style="top:770.1pt;left:267.6pt;font-size:10.0pt">or both sides (Silver) </p> +<p style="top:783.9pt;left:267.6pt;font-size:10.0pt">event.</p> +<p style="top:805.6pt;left:267.6pt;font-size:11.2pt">Descriptive Text</p> +<p style="top:828.4pt;left:267.6pt;font-size:11.2pt">Event Title</p> +<p style="top:851.1pt;left:267.6pt;font-size:11.2pt">Event Text</p> +<p style="top:514.4pt;left:616.3pt;font-size:11.2pt">Card Number</p> +<p style="top:537.1pt;left:616.3pt;font-size:11.2pt">Rank (8.3.2)</p> +<p style="top:559.9pt;left:616.3pt;font-size:11.2pt">Suit</p> +</div> + +<div id="page5" style="background-image:url('rulebook5.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:281.8pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom </i></b><i>— RULES OF PLAY</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:29.4pt;left:713.5pt"><b><i>5</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:45.0pt">• If a player has two or more markers in a space, place the larger </p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:56.2pt">denomination on top. Influence markers are open to inspection </p> +<p style="top:96.9pt;left:56.2pt">at all times.</p> +<p style="top:117.5pt;left:45.0pt"><b>2.4.2</b> The game includes various other markers to assist play:</p> +<p style="top:135.4pt;left:45.0pt">• The Action Round Marker is used to track how many </p> +<p style="top:150.4pt;left:56.2pt">actions each player has taken in the current turn.</p> +<p style="top:168.1pt;left:45.0pt">• The Turn Marker is used to track the current turn.</p> +<p style="top:185.8pt;left:45.0pt">• The VP Marker is used to track the current VP total.</p> +<p style="top:203.5pt;left:45.0pt">• The Tiananmen Square Markers are used </p> +<p style="top:218.5pt;left:56.2pt">to track each player’s progress on the </p> +<p style="top:233.5pt;left:56.2pt">Tiananmen Square Track.</p> +<p style="top:251.2pt;left:45.0pt">• The Wall Marker is placed near Berlin as </p> +<p style="top:266.2pt;left:56.2pt">a reminder while the Wall Event is in effect.</p> +<p style="top:283.9pt;left:45.0pt">• The Solidarnosc Marker is placed near Gdansk as </p> +<p style="top:298.9pt;left:56.2pt">a reminder that the Solidarity Legalized Event is in </p> +<p style="top:313.9pt;left:56.2pt">effect.</p> +<p style="top:331.6pt;left:45.0pt">• The Systematization Marker (Bulldozer) is placed </p> +<p style="top:346.6pt;left:56.2pt">in a space in Romania to remind the players that the </p> +<p style="top:361.6pt;left:56.2pt">space has been destroyed by the Communist.</p> +<p style="top:379.3pt;left:45.0pt">• The USSR Stability Marker (torn CCCP Flag) is </p> +<p style="top:394.3pt;left:56.2pt">placed on the USSR Stability Track to keep track </p> +<p style="top:409.3pt;left:56.2pt">of the progress of Baltic Independence movements.</p> +<p style="top:427.0pt;left:45.0pt">• The Tyrant is Gone Marker (helicopter) is placed </p> +<p style="top:442.0pt;left:56.2pt">on the space chosen by the Democrat where the </p> +<p style="top:457.0pt;left:56.2pt">Ceausescus flee during the Romanian Revolution.</p> +<p style="top:477.7pt;left:45.0pt"><b>2.4.3 Optional Reminder Markers:</b> Also included </p> +<p style="top:492.7pt;left:45.0pt">are 14 other reminder markers—players may use these </p> +<p style="top:507.7pt;left:45.0pt">at their option.</p> +<p style="top:541.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">3.0 GAME SET UP</span></b></p> +<p style="top:570.0pt;left:45.0pt"><b>3.1</b> Shuffle the Early Year cards and deal each player 8 cards. The </p> +<p style="top:585.0pt;left:45.0pt">players are allowed to examine their cards prior to deploying their </p> +<p style="top:600.0pt;left:45.0pt">initial Support Points.</p> +<p style="top:624.0pt;left:45.0pt"><b>3.2 </b>The Communist places Support Points in the following loca­</p> +<p style="top:639.0pt;left:45.0pt">tions: 1 in Bydgoszcz, 1 in Warszawa, 1 in Lublin, 2 in Dresden, 2 </p> +<p style="top:654.0pt;left:45.0pt">in Berlin, 2 in Plzen, 2 in Praha, 1 in Brno, 1 in Szombathely, 2 in </p> +<p style="top:669.0pt;left:45.0pt">Cluj-Napoca, 2 in Bucuresti, 2 in Sofia and 1 in Stara Zagora.</p> +<p style="top:693.0pt;left:45.0pt"><b>3.3 </b>The Democrat places Support Points in the following locations: </p> +<p style="top:708.0pt;left:45.0pt">5 in Polish Catholic Church, 1 in Gdansk, 1 in Krakow, 1 in East </p> +<p style="top:723.0pt;left:45.0pt">German Lutheran Church, 2 in Czech Writers, 1 in Czech Catholic </p> +<p style="top:738.0pt;left:45.0pt">Church, 1 in Budapest, 1 in Szeged, 1 in Hungarian Catholic Church </p> +<p style="top:753.0pt;left:45.0pt">and 1 in Szekesfehervar.</p> +<p style="top:777.0pt;left:45.0pt"><b>3.4</b> Then each player places an additional 7 Support Points in the </p> +<p style="top:792.0pt;left:45.0pt">following order: </p> +<p style="top:810.0pt;left:45.0pt">1. Communist places 2 </p> +<p style="top:825.0pt;left:45.0pt">2. Democrat places 3</p> +<p style="top:840.0pt;left:45.0pt">3. Communist places 3</p> +<p style="top:855.0pt;left:45.0pt">4. Democrat places 4 </p> +<p style="top:870.0pt;left:45.0pt">5. Communist places 2</p> +<p style="top:890.6pt;left:45.0pt">NOTE: These Support Points may be placed in any space or spaces </p> +<p style="top:905.6pt;left:45.0pt">that do not have any opponent’s SPs at the time of placement.</p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:393.8pt"><b>3.5</b> Place the Democrat and Communist Tiananmen Square markers </p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:393.8pt">to the left of the Tiananmen Square track. Place the Turn Marker on </p> +<p style="top:96.9pt;left:393.8pt">the first space of the Turn Record Track. Place the Action Round </p> +<p style="top:111.9pt;left:393.8pt">marker on the first space of the Action Round track, Communist </p> +<p style="top:126.9pt;left:393.8pt">side face up. Finally, place the VP marker on the Victory Points </p> +<p style="top:141.9pt;left:393.8pt">Track on the zero space.</p> +<p style="top:175.6pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">4.0 GAME SEQUENCE</span></b></p> +<p style="top:205.4pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>4.1 General Rule</b></p> +<p style="top:225.1pt;left:393.8pt"><i>1989</i> has ten turns. Each turn represents an indeterminate length </p> +<p style="top:240.1pt;left:393.8pt">of time, from two months in the Early Year to 2-3 weeks in the </p> +<p style="top:255.1pt;left:393.8pt">Late Year. Each player takes seven Action Rounds per turn, except </p> +<p style="top:270.1pt;left:393.8pt">the Communist may take eight Action Rounds when the Honecker </p> +<p style="top:285.1pt;left:393.8pt">Event is in effect. At the start of each Turn, the players are dealt </p> +<p style="top:300.1pt;left:393.8pt">sufficient cards from the draw deck to increase their hand size to </p> +<p style="top:315.1pt;left:393.8pt">eight cards. At the beginning of turn 4, the Middle Year deck is </p> +<p style="top:330.1pt;left:393.8pt">shuffled into the draw deck. At the beginning of turn 8, the Late </p> +<p style="top:345.1pt;left:393.8pt">Year deck is shuffled into the draw deck.</p> +<p style="top:375.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>4.2 The Phasing Player</b></p> +<p style="top:395.5pt;left:393.8pt">The Phasing Player is the player whose Action Round is currently </p> +<p style="top:410.5pt;left:393.8pt">being played.</p> +<p style="top:441.3pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>4.3 Reshuffle</b></p> +<p style="top:461.0pt;left:393.8pt">When there are no cards remaining in the Strategy deck’s draw </p> +<p style="top:476.0pt;left:393.8pt">deck, reshuffle all discards to form a new draw deck. Note that </p> +<p style="top:491.0pt;left:393.8pt">cards played as Events with an asterisk (*) are removed from the </p> +<p style="top:506.0pt;left:393.8pt">game when they are played as an Event, and they are not shuffled </p> +<p style="top:521.0pt;left:393.8pt">into the new draw deck. </p> +<p style="top:551.7pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>4.4 Adding Middle and Late Year Cards</b></p> +<p style="top:571.4pt;left:393.8pt">When moving from the Early Year deck to the Middle Year, or from </p> +<p style="top:586.4pt;left:393.8pt">Middle Year to Late Year, do not add in the discards to the deck—</p> +<p style="top:601.4pt;left:393.8pt">instead add the Middle Year or Late Year cards (as appropriate) to </p> +<p style="top:616.4pt;left:393.8pt">the existing deck and reshuffle. The ignored discards remain in the </p> +<p style="top:631.4pt;left:393.8pt">discard pile for now, but they will be reshuffled into the deck when </p> +<p style="top:646.4pt;left:393.8pt">the draw deck becomes empty.</p> +<p style="top:677.2pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>4.5 The Turn Sequence</b></p> +<p style="top:696.9pt;left:393.8pt">A turn in <i>1989</i> has the following sequence:</p> +<p style="top:714.8pt;left:393.8pt">1. Deal Strategy Cards</p> +<p style="top:732.5pt;left:393.8pt">2. Play Action Rounds</p> +<p style="top:750.2pt;left:393.8pt">3. Make Extra Support Check (if applicable)</p> +<p style="top:767.9pt;left:393.8pt">4. Verify Held Cards</p> +<p style="top:785.6pt;left:393.8pt">5. Celebrate New Year’s Eve Party (if applicable)</p> +<p style="top:803.3pt;left:393.8pt">6. Advance Turn Marker</p> +<p style="top:821.0pt;left:393.8pt">7. Calculate Final Scoring (after turn 10)</p> +<p style="top:845.0pt;left:393.8pt"><b>4.5.1 Deal Strategy Cards:</b> The players receive enough Strategy </p> +<p style="top:860.0pt;left:393.8pt">cards to bring their total hand size to eight. The first card is dealt to </p> +<p style="top:875.0pt;left:393.8pt">the Communist, and then the deal should alternate back and forth </p> +<p style="top:890.0pt;left:393.8pt">between the players until they have received their full hand size. </p> +</div> + +<div id="page6" style="background-image:url('rulebook6.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:282.4pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom </i></b><i>— RULES OF PLAY</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:30.9pt;left:46.6pt"><b><i>6</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:45.0pt">If, due to progress on the Tiananmen Square track, one of the </p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:45.0pt">players is entitled to discard and draw one card (6.3.5), he may do </p> +<p style="top:96.9pt;left:45.0pt">so after all cards are dealt.</p> +<p style="top:120.9pt;left:45.0pt"><b>4.5.2 Action Rounds:</b> This is the main phase of the turn. Each </p> +<p style="top:135.9pt;left:45.0pt">player receives seven Action Rounds. Players alternate Action </p> +<p style="top:150.9pt;left:45.0pt">Rounds, playing one Strategy card per Round. The Communist </p> +<p style="top:165.9pt;left:45.0pt">always takes his Action Round first, followed by the Democrat. </p> +<p style="top:180.9pt;left:45.0pt">All actions required by each card must be resolved before the next </p> +<p style="top:195.9pt;left:45.0pt">player starts his Action Round by playing a card.</p> +<p style="top:213.8pt;left:45.0pt">• Ordinarily a player will have a card left over after the completion </p> +<p style="top:228.8pt;left:56.2pt">of all Action Rounds. This card is considered “held,” and may be </p> +<p style="top:243.8pt;left:56.2pt">played in subsequent rounds. Scoring cards may never be held.</p> +<p style="top:261.5pt;left:45.0pt">• If for any reason a player has no cards in his hand to play at the </p> +<p style="top:276.5pt;left:56.2pt">start of an Action Round, he must forfeit that Action Round and </p> +<p style="top:291.5pt;left:56.2pt">take no action.</p> +<p style="top:317.8pt;left:45.0pt"><b>4.5.3 Extra Support Check:</b> If, due to progress on the Tiananmen </p> +<p style="top:332.8pt;left:45.0pt">Square track, one of the players is entitled to take a free Support </p> +<p style="top:347.8pt;left:45.0pt">Check at the end of a turn (6.3.5), the player may do so at this </p> +<p style="top:362.8pt;left:45.0pt">time. Note: Events in effect for that Turn (<i>Sinatra Doctrine, FRG </i></p> +<p style="top:377.8pt;left:45.0pt"><i>Embassies, Perestroika,</i> etc.) remain in effect for purposes of the </p> +<p style="top:392.8pt;left:45.0pt">Tiananmen Square free support check.</p> +<p style="top:416.8pt;left:45.0pt"><b>4.5.4 Verify Held Cards:</b> Scoring cards may never be held from </p> +<p style="top:431.8pt;left:45.0pt">one turn to the next. If a player is holding a scoring card at this stage </p> +<p style="top:446.8pt;left:45.0pt">in the turn, that player loses the game. Scoring cards are marked </p> +<p style="top:461.8pt;left:45.0pt">on the lower left with a red box so that they can be identified by </p> +<p style="top:476.8pt;left:45.0pt">only revealing the card's lower left edge.</p> +<p style="top:497.4pt;left:45.0pt"><b>4.5.5 New Year’s Eve Party: </b>If the New Year’s Eve Party Event is </p> +<p style="top:512.4pt;left:45.0pt">in effect, the game is over and a winner is determined. See 10.3.</p> +<p style="top:536.4pt;left:45.0pt"><b>4.5.6 Advance Turn Marker:</b> Move the Turn Marker to the next </p> +<p style="top:551.4pt;left:45.0pt">turn. If it is the end of turn 3, shuffle the Middle Year cards into </p> +<p style="top:566.4pt;left:45.0pt">the draw deck. If it is the end of Turn 7, shuffle the Late Year cards </p> +<p style="top:581.4pt;left:45.0pt">into the draw deck.</p> +<p style="top:605.4pt;left:45.0pt"><b>4.5.7 Final Scoring:</b> If it is the end of Turn 10, and the game’s </p> +<p style="top:620.4pt;left:45.0pt">winner has not yet been determined, perform Final Scoring as </p> +<p style="top:635.4pt;left:45.0pt">described in the Scoring rules (10.4).</p> +<p style="top:671.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">5.0 CARD PLAY</span></b></p> +<p style="top:700.0pt;left:45.0pt"><i>Note: This section covers the play of non-Scoring cards. The play </i></p> +<p style="top:715.0pt;left:45.0pt"><i>of Scoring cards is covered in Section 8.0.</i></p> +<p style="top:742.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>5.1 Events or Operations</b></p> +<p style="top:762.1pt;left:45.0pt">Cards may be played in one of two ways: as Events or for Opera­</p> +<p style="top:777.1pt;left:45.0pt">tions points (“Ops”). Ordinarily, players will hold one card in their </p> +<p style="top:792.1pt;left:45.0pt">hand at the end of the turn. All other cards will be used for Events </p> +<p style="top:807.1pt;left:45.0pt">or Operations. Players may not forgo their turn by declining to play </p> +<p style="top:822.1pt;left:45.0pt">a card or by discarding a card from their hand.</p> +<p style="top:852.8pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>5.2 Events Associated With Your Opponent</b></p> +<p style="top:872.5pt;left:45.0pt">If a player plays a card for Operations, and the card’s Event is </p> +<p style="top:887.5pt;left:45.0pt">associated only with his opponent, the Event still occurs (and the </p> +<p style="top:902.5pt;left:45.0pt">card, if it has an asterisk after the Event title, is removed).</p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:393.8pt">Note: When playing a card for Operations that triggers an oppo­</p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:393.8pt">nent’s Event, the opponent implements the Event text as if he had </p> +<p style="top:96.9pt;left:393.8pt">played the card himself.</p> +<p style="top:117.5pt;left:393.8pt">• The phasing player always decides whether the Event is to take </p> +<p style="top:132.5pt;left:405.0pt">place before or after the Operations are conducted.</p> +<p style="top:150.2pt;left:393.8pt">• If a card play triggers an opponent’s Event, but that Event can­</p> +<p style="top:165.2pt;left:405.0pt">not occur because a prerequisite card has not been played or </p> +<p style="top:180.2pt;left:405.0pt">a condition in the Event has not been met, the Event does not </p> +<p style="top:195.2pt;left:405.0pt">occur. In this instance, cards with an asterisk (Event marked *) </p> +<p style="top:210.2pt;left:405.0pt">are returned to the discard pile, not removed from the game.</p> +<p style="top:227.9pt;left:393.8pt">• If a card play triggers an opponent’s Event, but the Event results </p> +<p style="top:242.9pt;left:405.0pt">in no effect, the Event is still considered played, and is still be </p> +<p style="top:257.9pt;left:405.0pt">removed if it has an asterisk.</p> +<p style="top:283.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>EXAMPLE 1: (Normal event) The Communist plays ‘Jan Palach </i></p> +<p style="top:298.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Week’ for one Operations. He decides to let the Democrat use the </i></p> +<p style="top:313.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Event first. The Democrat places 6 SPs in the Charles University </i></p> +<p style="top:328.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>space, and then the Communist conducts his Operations using </i></p> +<p style="top:343.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>the Ops value of the card.</i></p> +<p style="top:366.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>EXAMPLE 2: (Prerequisite event not in effect) The Communist </i></p> +<p style="top:381.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>plays the ‘Walesa’ card before the ‘Solidarity Legalized’ Event </i></p> +<p style="top:396.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>has taken place. The Communist would get the benefit of the 3 </i></p> +<p style="top:411.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Operations points, but the Democrat would not get to use the </i></p> +<p style="top:426.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>‘Walesa’ Event. However, despite having an asterisk, the ‘Walesa’ </i></p> +<p style="top:441.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>card would not be removed from play. It would be placed in the </i></p> +<p style="top:456.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>discard pile to be reshuffled and possibly played later.</i></p> +<p style="top:478.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>EXAMPLE 3: (Card no longer playable for the event) The </i></p> +<p style="top:493.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Democrat plays ‘Honecker’ for 3 Operations. However during </i></p> +<p style="top:508.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>a previous Action Round the Communist played ‘Modrow,’ which </i></p> +<p style="top:523.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>prohibits play of ‘Honecker’ as an Event. The Democrat still con­</i></p> +<p style="top:538.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>ducts 3 Operations, but the Communist would not get the benefit </i></p> +<p style="top:553.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>of the Event, and the card would be placed in the discard pile.</i></p> +<p style="top:576.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>EXAMPLE 4: (Event has no benefit) The Democrat plays ‘Nor</i><i>­</i></p> +<p style="top:591.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>malization;’ however, the Democrat does not have any influence </i></p> +<p style="top:606.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>in either of the spaces affected. Nevertheless, the Event is con­</i></p> +<p style="top:621.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>sidered played, and the card would be removed from the game </i></p> +<p style="top:636.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>after the Democrat’s Action Round.</i></p> +<p style="top:658.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>EXAMPLE 5: (Event has no effect) The Democrat plays ‘Elena’ </i></p> +<p style="top:673.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>for 1 Operations; however, during a previous Action Round the </i></p> +<p style="top:688.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>‘The Tyrant is Gone’ Event took effect which makes the Elena </i></p> +<p style="top:703.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>event have no effect. Still the event is considered played, and </i></p> +<p style="top:718.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>the card would be removed from the game after the Democrat’s </i></p> +<p style="top:733.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Action Round. (See 7.6 for further explanation of ‘The Tyrant </i></p> +<p style="top:748.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>is Gone’ event)</i></p> +<p style="top:779.9pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>5.3 Discarded Cards</b></p> +<p style="top:799.6pt;left:393.8pt">When an Event forces a player to discard a card, the Event on the </p> +<p style="top:814.6pt;left:393.8pt">discarded card is not implemented, unless the Event specifically </p> +<p style="top:829.6pt;left:393.8pt">states otherwise. This rule also applies to Scoring cards.</p> +</div> + +<div id="page7" style="background-image:url('rulebook7.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:281.8pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom </i></b><i>— RULES OF PLAY</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:29.4pt;left:713.5pt"><b><i>7</i></b></p> +<p style="top:72.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>EXAMPLE 1: The Democrat holds ‘Brought in for Questioning’ </i></p> +<p style="top:87.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>and the ‘Poland Scoring’ card. The Democrat plays ‘Brought </i></p> +<p style="top:102.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>in for Questioning’ for 3 Ops, then allows the Communist Event </i></p> +<p style="top:117.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>to take place. The Scoring card is discarded, and because it is </i></p> +<p style="top:132.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>not a Communist Event, per the terms of the ‘Brought in for </i></p> +<p style="top:147.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Questioning’ Event card, the Power Struggle does not take place.</i></p> +<p style="top:170.0pt;left:50.6pt"><i>EXAMPLE 2: The Communist holds ‘Kiss of Death’ and the ‘Po­</i></p> +<p style="top:185.0pt;left:50.6pt"><i>land Scoring’ card. The Communist plays ‘Kiss of Death’ for 3 </i></p> +<p style="top:200.0pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Ops, then allows the Democrat Event to take place. The Scoring </i></p> +<p style="top:215.0pt;left:50.6pt"><i>card is discarded and because the Scoring card is a neutral Event </i></p> +<p style="top:230.0pt;left:50.6pt"><i>(silver starred Event), per the terms of the ‘Kiss of Death’ Event </i></p> +<p style="top:245.0pt;left:50.6pt"><i>card, the Power Struggle does take place.</i></p> +<p style="top:276.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>5.4 Contradictions</b></p> +<p style="top:296.1pt;left:45.0pt">Card text that contradicts the written rules supersedes the written </p> +<p style="top:311.1pt;left:45.0pt">rules.</p> +<p style="top:344.8pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">6.0 OPERATIONS</span></b></p> +<p style="top:373.5pt;left:45.0pt">When a non-Scoring card is played as an Operations card, the </p> +<p style="top:388.5pt;left:45.0pt">player must choose to use all of the Operations points on one of </p> +<p style="top:403.5pt;left:45.0pt">the following Options: Support Point Placement, Support Checks, </p> +<p style="top:418.5pt;left:45.0pt">or a Tiananmen Square Attempt. </p> +<p style="top:449.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>6.1 SUPPORT POINT PLACEMENT</b></p> +<p style="top:468.9pt;left:45.0pt"><b>6.1.1</b> The rules in this section only apply to Support Points (SPs) </p> +<p style="top:483.9pt;left:45.0pt">that are placed with Operations points.</p> +<p style="top:507.9pt;left:45.0pt"><b>6.1.2</b> SPs are placed one at a time. However, all SP markers must </p> +<p style="top:522.9pt;left:45.0pt">be placed with, or adjacent to, friendly SP markers that were in </p> +<p style="top:537.9pt;left:45.0pt">place before the first SP was placed. </p> +<p style="top:561.9pt;left:45.0pt"><b>6.1.3</b> It costs one Operations point to place an SP in a space that is </p> +<p style="top:576.9pt;left:45.0pt">friendly-controlled or uncontrolled. It costs two Operations points </p> +<p style="top:591.9pt;left:45.0pt">to place an SP in an opponent-controlled space. If a space’s control </p> +<p style="top:606.9pt;left:45.0pt">status changes while placing SPs, additional points placed during </p> +<p style="top:621.9pt;left:45.0pt">that Action Round are placed at the lower cost.</p> +<p style="top:650.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Democrat has 3 SPs in Budapest, and the Com</i><i>­</i></p> +<p style="top:665.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>munist has none. Therefore, the Democrat controls Budapest. The </i></p> +<p style="top:680.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Communist uses a 4 Ops card to place Support Points. When </i></p> +<p style="top:695.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>placing markers in Budapest, the first marker costs 2 Ops. How</i><i>­</i></p> +<p style="top:710.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>ever, after placement of the first Communist Support marker, the </i></p> +<p style="top:725.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Democrat no longer exceeds Communist influence in Budapest </i></p> +<p style="top:740.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>by the Stability number of 3; thus, a second or third Communist </i></p> +<p style="top:755.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>SP would only cost 1 Ops point per SP.</i></p> +<p style="top:780.5pt;left:45.0pt"><b>6.1.4 </b>SPs may be placed in multiple countries and multiple spaces </p> +<p style="top:795.5pt;left:45.0pt">up to the number of Operations Points on the card played.</p> +<p style="top:447.5pt;left:393.8pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Democrat has existing markers in the Czech </i></p> +<p style="top:462.5pt;left:393.8pt"><i>Catholic Church space and in Gdansk. The Democrat uses a 4 </i></p> +<p style="top:477.5pt;left:393.8pt"><i>Ops card to place more Support. The Democrat may place SPs in </i></p> +<p style="top:492.5pt;left:393.8pt"><i>any or all of Bratislava, Ostrava, and Presov. However, he cannot </i></p> +<p style="top:507.5pt;left:393.8pt"><i>place SPs in Kosice after placing in Presov, because there were </i></p> +<p style="top:522.5pt;left:393.8pt"><i>no Democratic SPs in Presov when he began placing influence. </i></p> +<p style="top:537.5pt;left:393.8pt"><i>Because Gdansk already had SPs present, the Democrat could </i></p> +<p style="top:552.5pt;left:393.8pt"><i>use any remaining Operation points to strengthen Gdansk or its </i></p> +<p style="top:567.5pt;left:393.8pt"><i>adjacent spaces.</i></p> +<p style="top:596.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>6.2 SUPPORT CHECKS</b></p> +<p style="top:616.5pt;left:393.8pt"><b>6.2.1</b> Support Checks are used to reduce opponent Support in a </p> +<p style="top:631.5pt;left:393.8pt">country, and possibly to add friendly support if the Support Check </p> +<p style="top:646.5pt;left:393.8pt">is successful enough.</p> +<p style="top:670.5pt;left:393.8pt"><b>6.2.2</b> Each Strategy Card played for Support Checks gives two </p> +<p style="top:685.5pt;left:393.8pt">Support Checks to the Phasing Player, regardless of the card’s </p> +<p style="top:700.5pt;left:393.8pt">Operations value.</p> +<p style="top:724.5pt;left:393.8pt"><b>6.2.3</b> To attempt a Support Check in a space, the space must have </p> +<p style="top:739.5pt;left:393.8pt">opponent SPs. The player must resolve the first Support Check </p> +<p style="top:754.5pt;left:393.8pt">before declaring the next target. Spaces may be targeted for Support </p> +<p style="top:769.5pt;left:393.8pt">Checks more than once per Action Round, but they must have op­</p> +<p style="top:784.5pt;left:393.8pt">ponent SPs in them at the start of each attempt. The Phasing Player </p> +<p style="top:799.5pt;left:393.8pt">does not need to have SPs in the space, or even adjacent.</p> +<p style="top:823.5pt;left:393.8pt"><b>6.2.4</b> To resolve a Support Check, multiply the Stability Number of </p> +<p style="top:838.5pt;left:393.8pt">the target space by two (x2). Then roll a die, and add the Ops value </p> +<p style="top:853.5pt;left:393.8pt">of the card played to the die roll. Further modify the die roll:</p> +<p style="top:871.4pt;left:393.8pt">• +1 for each adjacent friendly controlled space</p> +<p style="top:889.1pt;left:393.8pt">• –1 for each adjacent opponent controlled space</p> +<p style="top:906.8pt;left:393.8pt">SPs in the target space itself do not modify the die roll in any way.</p> +</div> + +<div id="page8" style="background-image:url('rulebook8.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:282.4pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom </i></b><i>— RULES OF PLAY</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:30.9pt;left:46.6pt"><b><i>8</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:45.0pt"><b>6.2.5</b> If the modified die roll is greater than the doubled Stability </p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:45.0pt">Number, the Support Check succeeds, and the phasing player re­</p> +<p style="top:96.9pt;left:45.0pt">moves opposing SPs equal to the difference from the target space. </p> +<p style="top:111.9pt;left:45.0pt">If there are insufficient opposing SPs to remove, he adds friendly </p> +<p style="top:126.9pt;left:45.0pt">SPs to make up the difference.</p> +<p style="top:150.9pt;left:45.0pt"><b>6.2.6</b> If the modified die roll is less than or equal to the doubled </p> +<p style="top:165.9pt;left:45.0pt">Stability Number, there is no effect.</p> +<p style="top:426.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Communist plays a 3 Ops card for Support Checks. </i></p> +<p style="top:441.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>In southern Poland, the Polish Catholic Church (5 SPs), Krakow </i></p> +<p style="top:456.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>(3 SPs), Jagiellonian University (1 SP), and Polish Writers (2 SPs) </i></p> +<p style="top:471.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>are all controlled by the Democrat. Lodz (3 SPs) is controlled by </i></p> +<p style="top:486.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>the Communist. The Communists get two Support Checks:</i></p> +<p style="top:509.0pt;left:45.0pt"><i>1. The Communist chooses Jagiellonian University as the target of </i></p> +<p style="top:524.0pt;left:45.0pt"><i>its first support check. The space’s low Stability Number makes it </i></p> +<p style="top:539.0pt;left:45.0pt"><i>an inviting target, despite the surrounding Democratic spaces. The </i></p> +<p style="top:554.0pt;left:45.0pt"><i>Communist rolls a 5, and adds the Operations value of 3 (totaling </i></p> +<p style="top:569.0pt;left:45.0pt"><i>8). He then subtracts two (–2) from this total, due to the two adjacent </i></p> +<p style="top:584.0pt;left:45.0pt"><i>Democrat-Controlled spaces (Krakow and Polish Writers), giving </i></p> +<p style="top:599.0pt;left:45.0pt"><i>a final modified die roll of 6. This result is greater than Jagiellonian </i></p> +<p style="top:614.0pt;left:45.0pt"><i>University’s doubled Stability Number (1x2 = 2) by a total of 4. </i></p> +<p style="top:629.0pt;left:45.0pt"><i>This is the number of SPs that will be removed from/added to Ja­</i></p> +<p style="top:644.0pt;left:45.0pt"><i>giellonian University. First, the Communist removes the Democrat </i></p> +<p style="top:659.0pt;left:45.0pt"><i>SP, then he places 3 Communist SPs.</i></p> +<p style="top:681.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>2. With Jagiellonian University under Communist control, the Com­</i></p> +<p style="top:696.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>munist now targets Krakow. Krakow has a higher Stability Number, </i></p> +<p style="top:711.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>but the Communist hopes that the adjacent modifiers provided by </i></p> +<p style="top:726.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>Lodz and the newly captured Student space will be enough to make a </i></p> +<p style="top:741.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>dent. Against this, the Polish Catholic Church still provides support </i></p> +<p style="top:756.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>to Krakow. Unfortunately for the Communist, he rolls a 1. Once </i></p> +<p style="top:771.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>again he adds the Operations value of 3, and this time the result is </i></p> +<p style="top:786.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>4. He then adds 2 (Lodz, Jagiellonian University) and subtracts 1 </i></p> +<p style="top:801.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>(Polish Catholic Church), for adjacency modifiers, giving a final </i></p> +<p style="top:816.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>modified die roll of 5. This result is less than the doubled stability </i></p> +<p style="top:831.5pt;left:45.0pt"><i>of Krakow (3x2 = 6), so there is no effect.</i></p> +<p style="top:854.0pt;left:45.0pt"><b>6.2.6</b> If the modified die roll is equal to or less than the doubled </p> +<p style="top:869.0pt;left:45.0pt">Stability Number, the Support Check fails and there is no effect.</p> +<p style="top:65.9pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>6.3 Tiananmen Square Attempt</b></p> +<p style="top:85.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>6.3.1</b> The Tiananmen Square track contains a marker </p> +<p style="top:100.6pt;left:393.8pt">for each player. Operations points may be spent to at­</p> +<p style="top:115.6pt;left:393.8pt">tempt to advance a player's marker to the next box on </p> +<p style="top:130.6pt;left:393.8pt">the track. To do so, roll a die and add the Operations </p> +<p style="top:145.6pt;left:393.8pt">value of the card to the total. Modify this total:</p> +<p style="top:163.5pt;left:393.8pt">• +1 if the card played is the player’s own Event.</p> +<p style="top:181.2pt;left:393.8pt">• +1 if this is the second or subsequent attempt to advance to the </p> +<p style="top:196.2pt;left:405.0pt">box.</p> +<p style="top:213.9pt;left:393.8pt">• +1 if the ‘<i>Li Peng’</i> Event is in play and the attempting player is </p> +<p style="top:228.9pt;left:405.0pt">the Communist.</p> +<p style="top:255.1pt;left:393.8pt"><b>6.3.2</b> If the total matches or exceeds the number required to advance </p> +<p style="top:270.1pt;left:393.8pt">to next box (printed in the box in the color of the appropriate player), </p> +<p style="top:285.1pt;left:393.8pt">the player moves his marker forward to the new box.</p> +<p style="top:309.1pt;left:393.8pt"><i>DESIGN NOTE: The required total is different for each side. It is </i></p> +<p style="top:324.1pt;left:393.8pt"><i>easier for the Democrat to advance at the beginning of the track </i></p> +<p style="top:339.1pt;left:393.8pt"><i>and easier for the Communist later on the track.</i></p> +<p style="top:361.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>6.3.3</b> A player may only make one Tiananmen Square Attempt </p> +<p style="top:376.6pt;left:393.8pt">per turn. </p> +<p style="top:400.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>6.3.4</b> One Event (<i>‘Tank Column/Tank Man*’</i>) allows a player to </p> +<p style="top:415.6pt;left:393.8pt">advance his marker forward on the Tiananmen Square track. This </p> +<p style="top:430.6pt;left:393.8pt">card may be played for the Event in addition to any Tiananmen </p> +<p style="top:445.6pt;left:393.8pt">Square Attempt on a given turn.</p> +<p style="top:469.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>6.3.5</b> Advancing along the Tiananmen Square Track and reaching a </p> +<p style="top:484.6pt;left:393.8pt">box before the opposing player results in either an immediate award </p> +<p style="top:499.6pt;left:393.8pt">or a lasting award. Lasting awards are in effect until the opposing </p> +<p style="top:514.6pt;left:393.8pt">player reaches the box, at which point they no longer apply. The </p> +<p style="top:529.6pt;left:393.8pt">boxes and their effects follow:</p> +<p style="top:548.2pt;left:393.8pt"><b>• Reformer Memorialized/Reformer Discredited:</b> the first player </p> +<p style="top:563.2pt;left:405.0pt">to reach this box gets a +1 to his Tiananmen Square track rolls </p> +<p style="top:578.2pt;left:405.0pt">until the opponent reaches this box. </p> +<p style="top:596.8pt;left:393.8pt"><b>• Students Rally/Students Dispersed:</b> the first player to reach this </p> +<p style="top:611.8pt;left:405.0pt">box gets to play 1-Ops cards as if they were 2-Ops cards until </p> +<p style="top:626.8pt;left:405.0pt">his opponent reaches this box. This bonus applies only to cards </p> +<p style="top:641.8pt;left:405.0pt">with an actual printed Operations value of 1. </p> +<p style="top:660.4pt;left:393.8pt"><b>• Foreign News/People’s Daily:</b> the first player to reach this box </p> +<p style="top:675.4pt;left:405.0pt">immediately draws 3 cards. He places 1 of them in his hand and </p> +<p style="top:690.4pt;left:405.0pt">places the other 2 in the discard pile. He may place Scoring cards </p> +<p style="top:705.4pt;left:405.0pt">in the discard pile. </p> +<p style="top:724.0pt;left:393.8pt"><b>• Hunger Strike/Students Arrested:</b> the first player to reach this </p> +<p style="top:739.0pt;left:405.0pt">box immediately removes 2 opponent SPs from anywhere on the </p> +<p style="top:754.0pt;left:405.0pt">map.</p> +<p style="top:772.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>• Goddess of Democracy/Structure Removed:</b> the first player </p> +<p style="top:787.6pt;left:405.0pt">to reach this box can discard a non-Scoring card and draw a </p> +<p style="top:802.6pt;left:405.0pt">replacement at the start of every turn until his opponent reaches </p> +<p style="top:817.6pt;left:405.0pt">this box.</p> +<p style="top:836.2pt;left:393.8pt"><b>• Local PLA support/Rural Divisions Summoned:</b> the first </p> +<p style="top:851.2pt;left:405.0pt">player to reach this box gets a free 2-Ops Support Check at the </p> +<p style="top:866.2pt;left:405.0pt">end of the turn until his opponent reaches this box.</p> +<p style="top:884.8pt;left:393.8pt"><b>• Square Barricaded/Protestors Massacred:</b> the first player to </p> +<p style="top:899.8pt;left:405.0pt">reach this box can play a card for Operations without triggering </p> +</div> + +<div id="page9" style="background-image:url('rulebook9.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:281.8pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom </i></b><i>— RULES OF PLAY</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:29.4pt;left:713.5pt"><b><i>9</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:56.2pt">the opponent’s Event once per turn. This is in addition to any </p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:56.2pt">Tiananmen Square track attempt or use of the <i>‘Common Euro­</i></p> +<p style="top:96.9pt;left:56.2pt"><i>pean Home’</i> Event. This ability can be used once per turn until </p> +<p style="top:111.9pt;left:56.2pt">the player’s opponent reaches this box.</p> +<p style="top:130.5pt;left:45.0pt"><b>• Political Pluralism/Most Favored Nation trade status award</b><b>­</b></p> +<p style="top:145.5pt;left:56.2pt"><b>ed: </b>the first player to reach this box can play a card for both its </p> +<p style="top:160.5pt;left:56.2pt">Operations value and Event once per turn until the opponent </p> +<p style="top:175.5pt;left:56.2pt">reaches this box. The player can choose the order in which to </p> +<p style="top:190.5pt;left:56.2pt">use the card, Operations first or Event first.</p> +<p style="top:216.7pt;left:45.0pt"><b>6.3.6</b> Regardless of the text on the card, the Event of a card played </p> +<p style="top:231.7pt;left:45.0pt">as a Tiananmen Square Attempt is not implemented. The card is </p> +<p style="top:246.7pt;left:45.0pt">placed in the discard pile.</p> +<p style="top:270.7pt;left:45.0pt"><i>DESIGN NOTE: The Tiananmen Square track is a player’s ‘safety </i></p> +<p style="top:285.7pt;left:45.0pt"><i>valve.’ If a player holds a card whose Event is a good one for his </i></p> +<p style="top:300.7pt;left:45.0pt"><i>opponent, and he doesn’t want the Event to occur, he can use it for </i></p> +<p style="top:315.7pt;left:45.0pt"><i>a Tiananmen Square Attempt.</i></p> +<p style="top:338.2pt;left:45.0pt"><b>6.3.7</b> If a player reaches the final box of the Tiananmen Square </p> +<p style="top:353.2pt;left:45.0pt">Track, he may no longer make Tiananmen Square Attempts.</p> +<p style="top:382.9pt;left:54.0pt"><i><span style="color:#76787a">“The Wall will be standing in 50 and even in 100 years, if the </span></i></p> +<p style="top:397.9pt;left:54.0pt"><i><span style="color:#76787a">reasons for it are not removed.” —East German leader Erich </span></i></p> +<p style="top:412.9pt;left:54.0pt"><i><span style="color:#76787a">Honecker January 19, 1989</span></i></p> +<p style="top:437.6pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">7.0 EVENTS</span></b></p> +<p style="top:467.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>7.1 General Rule</b></p> +<p style="top:487.1pt;left:45.0pt">If a card has a playable Event associated with either the Phasing </p> +<p style="top:502.1pt;left:45.0pt">Player or both players, it may be played as an Event instead of </p> +<p style="top:517.1pt;left:45.0pt">Operations. If so, the card’s Event takes effect as directed by the </p> +<p style="top:532.1pt;left:45.0pt">card’s text.</p> +<p style="top:562.8pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>7.2 Lasting Events</b></p> +<p style="top:582.5pt;left:45.0pt">Some Event cards remain in effect until canceled by a later Event. </p> +<p style="top:597.5pt;left:45.0pt">Some Events last for the duration of the game. When such cards </p> +<p style="top:612.5pt;left:45.0pt">are played as Events, place them to the side of the map, or place </p> +<p style="top:627.5pt;left:45.0pt">their markers on the Map, as a reminder of their ongoing effects. </p> +<p style="top:642.5pt;left:45.0pt">Lasting events have their Event title underlined.</p> +<p style="top:673.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>7.3 Events that Modify OPs Values</b></p> +<p style="top:692.9pt;left:45.0pt"><b>7.3.1 </b>Some Event cards modify the Operations value of cards that </p> +<p style="top:707.9pt;left:45.0pt">follow. These modifiers should be applied in aggregate. </p> +<p style="top:737.0pt;left:50.6pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Communist player begins a turn by playing </i></p> +<p style="top:752.0pt;left:50.6pt"><i>‘Prudence’ as an Event. Ordinarily, all Democrat cards would </i></p> +<p style="top:767.0pt;left:50.6pt"><i>subtract one from their Operations value, to a minimum of one. </i></p> +<p style="top:782.0pt;left:50.6pt"><i>However, the Democrat follows by playing ‘Austria-Hungary </i></p> +<p style="top:797.0pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Border Re-opened,’ which gives the Democrat a bonus of one </i></p> +<p style="top:812.0pt;left:50.6pt"><i>if all Operations points are spent in East Germany in a given </i></p> +<p style="top:827.0pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Action Round. In addition, the Democrat has reached the second </i></p> +<p style="top:842.0pt;left:50.6pt"><i>space of the Tiananmen Square track. This enables him to play </i></p> +<p style="top:857.0pt;left:50.6pt"><i>1-Ops cards as if they were 2-Ops cards (6.3.5):</i></p> +<p style="top:72.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>1. On his next Action Round, the Democrat plays ‘Michnik’ </i></p> +<p style="top:87.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>(Operations value 1) for Operations to place Support Markers. </i></p> +<p style="top:102.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>If the Democrat only places Support in East Germany, the ad­</i></p> +<p style="top:117.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>justed Operations value of the card is 1 (card’s printed value) +1 </i></p> +<p style="top:132.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>(Tiananmen Square) +1 (AH Border Re-opened) –1 (Prudence) </i></p> +<p style="top:147.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>= 2 Operations points. The Democrat places 2 SPs in Leipzig </i></p> +<p style="top:162.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>and his turn ends.</i></p> +<p style="top:185.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>2. On a later Action Round that Turn, the Democrat plays </i></p> +<p style="top:200.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>‘Roundtable Talks’ (3 Ops) for Operations to make Support </i></p> +<p style="top:215.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Checks outside of East Germany. In this case, the only modifier in </i></p> +<p style="top:230.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>effect is Prudence, which subtracts 1 from the card’s Operations </i></p> +<p style="top:245.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>value to give a final total of 2. The Democrat makes two Support </i></p> +<p style="top:260.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Checks, each with a modifier from the Operations value of the </i></p> +<p style="top:275.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>‘Roundtable Talks’ card of just +2.</i></p> +<p style="top:299.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>7.3.2</b> Regardless of modifiers, a non-Scoring card always has a </p> +<p style="top:314.6pt;left:393.8pt">minimum Operations value of 1.</p> +<p style="top:338.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>7.3.3</b> Events modifying the Operations value of a card only apply </p> +<p style="top:353.6pt;left:393.8pt">to one player, and do so for all purposes.</p> +<p style="top:382.6pt;left:399.4pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Communist player has played ‘Perestroika’ as </i></p> +<p style="top:397.6pt;left:399.4pt"><i>an Event, and therefore receives a +1 Operations value modifier </i></p> +<p style="top:412.6pt;left:399.4pt"><i>for all his cards. The Communist has also played ‘Prudence,’ so </i></p> +<p style="top:427.6pt;left:399.4pt"><i>the Democrat has a –1 modifier for his cards. The Communist </i></p> +<p style="top:442.6pt;left:399.4pt"><i>plays the Democrat Event ‘Consumerism’ (3 Ops) and elects to </i></p> +<p style="top:457.6pt;left:399.4pt"><i>take his turn before the Democrat Event triggers. With the Per­</i></p> +<p style="top:472.6pt;left:399.4pt"><i>estroika bonus, the Communist is able to place four Operations </i></p> +<p style="top:487.6pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Points worth of SPs. Now the ‘Consumerism’ Event takes place. </i></p> +<p style="top:502.6pt;left:399.4pt"><i>The Democrat gets to remove a Communist SP and then take a </i></p> +<p style="top:517.6pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Support Check using the Ops value of the Consumerism card. </i></p> +<p style="top:532.6pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Because of the Prudence Event, 1 is subtracted from the card’s </i></p> +<p style="top:547.6pt;left:399.4pt"><i>printed Ops value and the Support Check only gets a bonus of 2 </i></p> +<p style="top:562.6pt;left:399.4pt"><i>from the Consumerism card.</i></p> +<p style="top:594.0pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>7.4 Events That Play Like Ops Cards</b></p> +<p style="top:613.7pt;left:393.8pt">If an Event specifies that a player may conduct Operations, place </p> +<p style="top:628.7pt;left:393.8pt">Support, or make Support Checks as if he played a card of a cer­</p> +<p style="top:643.7pt;left:393.8pt">tain operations value, those additional Operations are treated as if </p> +<p style="top:658.7pt;left:393.8pt">a card had been played for its Operations Point Value. Therefore, </p> +<p style="top:673.7pt;left:393.8pt">those Operations are subject to all of the restrictions of Rule 6.1 </p> +<p style="top:688.7pt;left:393.8pt">and other Events limiting their value or use.</p> +<p style="top:719.5pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>7.5 Unplayable Events</b></p> +<p style="top:739.2pt;left:393.8pt">If an Event becomes unplayable due to its cancellation or restriction </p> +<p style="top:754.2pt;left:393.8pt">by another Event card, the unplayable Event card may still be used </p> +<p style="top:769.2pt;left:393.8pt">for its Operations value.</p> +<p style="top:800.0pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:14.8pt"><b>7.6 Special Rules Regarding Romanian Events</b></p> +<p style="top:819.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>7.6.1</b> The Democrat has two Events in Romania that require spe­</p> +<p style="top:834.6pt;left:393.8pt">cial explanation: <i>‘The Crowd Turns Against Ceausescu’ </i>and ‘<i>The </i></p> +<p style="top:849.6pt;left:393.8pt"><i>Tyrant is Gone’.</i> These Events represent the start of the Romanian </p> +<p style="top:864.6pt;left:393.8pt">Revolution and the attempt of Nicolae and Elena Ceausescu to flee </p> +<p style="top:879.6pt;left:393.8pt">from the roof of the Central Committee building by helicopter. </p> +</div> + +<div id="page10" style="background-image:url('rulebook10.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:282.4pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom </i></b><i>— RULES OF PLAY</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:30.9pt;left:46.6pt"><b><i>10</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:45.0pt"><b>7.6.2</b> When <i>‘The Crowd Turns Against Ceausescu’</i> is played as an </p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:45.0pt">Event, it will sit in front of the Democrat until the Romania Scoring </p> +<p style="top:96.9pt;left:45.0pt">card is played. It will take effect after the Power Struggle cards are </p> +<p style="top:111.9pt;left:45.0pt">dealt but before the Power Struggle is resolved. </p> +<p style="top:135.9pt;left:45.0pt"><b>7.6.3 </b>If <i>‘The Tyrant is Gone’ </i>is played as an Event before <i>‘The </i></p> +<p style="top:150.9pt;left:45.0pt"><i>Crowd Turns Against Ceausescu’</i> has taken effect, it also sits in </p> +<p style="top:165.9pt;left:45.0pt">front of the Democrat until the Romania Scoring card is played. </p> +<p style="top:180.9pt;left:45.0pt">After the Power Struggle is resolved, <i>‘The Tyrant is Gone’</i> takes </p> +<p style="top:195.9pt;left:45.0pt">place immediately, before the next Action Round. If <i>‘The Tyrant </i></p> +<p style="top:210.9pt;left:45.0pt"><i>is Gone’</i> is played for the Event after <i>‘The Crowd Turns Against </i></p> +<p style="top:225.9pt;left:45.0pt"><i>Ceausescu’</i> has already occurred, i.e. the Romania Scoring card </p> +<p style="top:240.9pt;left:45.0pt">has been played and <i>‘The Crowd Turns Against Ceausescu’</i> card’s </p> +<p style="top:255.9pt;left:45.0pt">effects applied, then <i>‘The Tyrant is Gone’</i> takes effect immediately, </p> +<p style="top:270.9pt;left:45.0pt">like any other Event. If <i>The Crowd Turns Against Ceausescu</i> has </p> +<p style="top:285.9pt;left:45.0pt">not been played, <i>The Tyrant is Gone</i> goes in the discard pile.</p> +<p style="top:309.9pt;left:45.0pt"><b>7.6.4</b> While <i>‘The Tyrant is Gone’</i> is sitting in front of the Democrat, </p> +<p style="top:324.9pt;left:45.0pt">the five Events associated with the Ceausescus (<i>‘Cult of Person­</i></p> +<p style="top:339.9pt;left:45.0pt"><i>ality,’ ‘Systematization,’ ‘Ceausescu,’ ‘Elena’</i> and <i>‘Massacre in </i></p> +<p style="top:354.9pt;left:45.0pt"><i>Timisoara’</i>) may still take place. </p> +<p style="top:383.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>EXAMPLE: ‘The Crowd Turns Against Ceausescu’ and ‘The </i></p> +<p style="top:398.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Tyrant is Gone’ are in front of the Democrat. The Romania </i></p> +<p style="top:413.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Scoring card has not been played. The Communist plays ‘Sys­</i></p> +<p style="top:428.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>tematization’ for the Event and eliminates the Romanian Writers </i></p> +<p style="top:443.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>space from the map.</i></p> +<p style="top:468.5pt;left:45.0pt"><b>7.6.5</b> When <i>The Tyrant is Gone</i> is resolved, the Democrat chooses a </p> +<p style="top:483.5pt;left:45.0pt">space in Romania without Democratic SPs to which the Ceausescus </p> +<p style="top:498.5pt;left:45.0pt">flee. Place the Tyrant is Gone Marker on the space the Democrat </p> +<p style="top:513.5pt;left:45.0pt">chooses. If the Democrat subsequently takes control of the space, </p> +<p style="top:528.5pt;left:45.0pt">the Ceausescus have been captured, and the Democrat removes </p> +<p style="top:543.5pt;left:45.0pt">the marker and scores an immediate +2 VPs. If the game goes </p> +<p style="top:558.5pt;left:45.0pt">to Final Scoring and the Ceausescus have not been captured, the </p> +<p style="top:573.5pt;left:45.0pt">Communist gets a bonus of –2 VP. If there are no spaces to which </p> +<p style="top:588.5pt;left:45.0pt">the Ceausescus may flee, the Democrat scores +2 VPs immediately. </p> +<p style="top:618.1pt;left:54.0pt"><i><span style="color:#76787a">“History punishes those who come too late.” —Soviet leader </span></i></p> +<p style="top:633.1pt;left:54.0pt"><i><span style="color:#76787a">Mikhail Gorbachev to Erich Honecker, Berlin October 7, 1989</span></i></p> +<p style="top:665.8pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">8.0 POWER STRUGGLES</span></b></p> +<p style="top:694.4pt;left:45.0pt">Whenever a country’s Scoring card is played, a Power Struggle in </p> +<p style="top:709.4pt;left:45.0pt">that country is immediately conducted.</p> +<p style="top:730.0pt;left:45.0pt"><b><i>Important:</i></b> Scoring cards must be played on the turn in which they </p> +<p style="top:745.0pt;left:45.0pt">are dealt. If a player is left with a Scoring card in his hand at the </p> +<p style="top:760.0pt;left:45.0pt">end of the final Action Round of a turn, he loses the game. </p> +<p style="top:784.0pt;left:45.0pt">A Power Struggle is resolved by following this sequence:</p> +<p style="top:808.0pt;left:45.0pt"><b>1. Deal Cards:</b> The players are dealt cards from the Power Struggle </p> +<p style="top:823.0pt;left:56.2pt">deck based upon the number of spaces they control in the country.</p> +<p style="top:840.7pt;left:45.0pt"><b>2. Raise the Stakes:</b> Players may choose to increase the rewards </p> +<p style="top:855.7pt;left:56.2pt">and penalties of the Power Struggle by discarding 3 of their </p> +<p style="top:870.7pt;left:56.2pt">Power Struggle cards.</p> +<p style="top:888.4pt;left:45.0pt"><b>3. Play Cards:</b> Players play Power Struggle cards one at a time, </p> +<p style="top:903.4pt;left:56.2pt">until the winner of the Power Struggle is determined.</p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:393.8pt"><b>4. Aftermath:</b> Penalties and rewards based on the result of the </p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:405.0pt">Power Struggle are resolved.</p> +<p style="top:99.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>5. Scoring: </b>Finally, the country is scored according to the rules in </p> +<p style="top:114.6pt;left:405.0pt">section 9.3, with the VP marker moving accordingly. </p> +<p style="top:135.2pt;left:393.8pt">Note: all steps of a Power Struggle must be completed before </p> +<p style="top:150.2pt;left:393.8pt">checking the VP marker for auto-victory.</p> +<p style="top:180.9pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>8.1 DEAL CARDS</b></p> +<p style="top:200.7pt;left:393.8pt"><b>8.1.1</b> Shuffle all of the cards in the Power Struggle deck. Players </p> +<p style="top:215.7pt;left:393.8pt">draw cards from the Power Struggle deck based on how many </p> +<p style="top:230.7pt;left:393.8pt">spaces they control in the country, as follows:</p> +<p style="top:248.6pt;left:393.8pt">• 6 cards for the first space they control. </p> +<p style="top:266.3pt;left:393.8pt">• 2 cards for each additional space they control.</p> +<p style="top:284.0pt;left:393.8pt">If a player does not control any spaces in the country, he does not </p> +<p style="top:299.0pt;left:393.8pt">receive any cards in this step.</p> +<p style="top:323.0pt;left:393.8pt"><b>8.1.2</b> Various Events (e.g. <i>‘Roundtable Talks,’ ‘Peasant Parties </i></p> +<p style="top:338.0pt;left:393.8pt"><i>Revolt’</i> and <i>‘National Salvation Front’</i>) affect the number of cards </p> +<p style="top:353.0pt;left:393.8pt">a player receives in a Power Struggle. If any of them apply, adjust </p> +<p style="top:368.0pt;left:393.8pt">the cards held by each player accordingly at this time, before the </p> +<p style="top:383.0pt;left:393.8pt">players have examined their cards.</p> +<p style="top:412.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Democrat has played the Poland Scoring card. </i></p> +<p style="top:427.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>The Democrat controls the Catholic Church, Polish Writers, </i></p> +<p style="top:442.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Wroclaw and Krakow spaces. The Communist controls Bydgo­</i></p> +<p style="top:457.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>szcz and Warzsawa. ‘Roundtable Talks’ Event is in front of the </i></p> +<p style="top:472.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Democrat. The Democrat is dealt 12 cards, and the Communist </i></p> +<p style="top:487.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>is dealt 8. Then the Democrat takes 2 cards from the Communist </i></p> +<p style="top:502.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>before the players see their hands.</i></p> +<p style="top:526.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>8.1.3</b> There are three types of cards </p> +<p style="top:541.6pt;left:393.8pt">in the Power Struggle deck: suited </p> +<p style="top:556.6pt;left:393.8pt">cards, leader cards and wild cards. </p> +<p style="top:571.6pt;left:393.8pt">There are four suits in the deck: Pe­</p> +<p style="top:586.6pt;left:393.8pt">tition, March, Strike and Rally in </p> +<p style="top:601.6pt;left:393.8pt">the Square. There are leader cards </p> +<p style="top:616.6pt;left:393.8pt">that correspond to the various </p> +<p style="top:631.6pt;left:393.8pt">types of spaces on the map (<i>elites, </i></p> +<p style="top:646.6pt;left:393.8pt"><i>intellectuals, workers,</i> etc.). There </p> +<p style="top:661.6pt;left:393.8pt">are also wild cards allowing a </p> +<p style="top:676.6pt;left:393.8pt">player to draw additional cards, </p> +<p style="top:691.6pt;left:393.8pt">force the opponent to discard </p> +<p style="top:706.6pt;left:393.8pt">cards, block a suit from being played or </p> +<p style="top:721.6pt;left:393.8pt">remove an opponent SP from the map. </p> +<p style="top:752.4pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>8.2 RAISE THE STAKES</b></p> +<p style="top:772.1pt;left:393.8pt"><b>8.2.1</b> Each player, beginning with the player who played the Scor­</p> +<p style="top:787.1pt;left:393.8pt">ing card, decides whether he would like to Raise the Stakes in the </p> +<p style="top:802.1pt;left:393.8pt">Power Struggle. </p> +<p style="top:826.1pt;left:393.8pt"><b>8.2.2 </b>In order to Raise the Stakes, a player must discard 3 Power </p> +<p style="top:841.1pt;left:393.8pt">Struggle cards from his hand. If he does so, there is a +1 modifier </p> +<p style="top:856.1pt;left:393.8pt">to the Victory Point and Support Loss die rolls for the winner of the </p> +<p style="top:871.1pt;left:393.8pt">Power Struggle, no matter who wins. This modifier is cumulative; </p> +<p style="top:886.1pt;left:393.8pt">if both players Raise the Stakes, the die rolls receive a +2 modifier. </p> +</div> + +<div id="page11" style="background-image:url('rulebook11.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:281.8pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom </i></b><i>— RULES OF PLAY</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:29.4pt;left:707.0pt"><b><i>11</i></b></p> +<p style="top:72.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Democrat has 14 cards in his hand, and the </i></p> +<p style="top:87.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Communist has only 6. The Democrat decides to raise the Stakes </i></p> +<p style="top:102.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>and discards 3 Power Struggle cards. The Communist does not </i></p> +<p style="top:117.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>raise the stakes.</i></p> +<p style="top:148.9pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>8.3 PLAY CARDS</b></p> +<p style="top:168.6pt;left:45.0pt"><b>8.3.1</b> The player who played the Scoring card begins the Power </p> +<p style="top:183.6pt;left:45.0pt">Struggle with the initiative. Initiative may change back and forth </p> +<p style="top:198.6pt;left:45.0pt">several times before the Power Struggle is resolved. The player </p> +<p style="top:213.6pt;left:45.0pt">who currently has the initiative is considered the attacker and his </p> +<p style="top:228.6pt;left:45.0pt">opponent is considered the defender.</p> +<p style="top:257.6pt;left:50.6pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Democrat has played the Poland Scoring card </i></p> +<p style="top:272.6pt;left:50.6pt"><i>so the Democrat begins the Power Struggle with the initiative </i></p> +<p style="top:287.6pt;left:50.6pt"><i>and will choose the first card to play.</i></p> +<p style="top:312.2pt;left:45.0pt"><i>NOTE: If the attacker received no cards because he did not control </i></p> +<p style="top:327.2pt;left:45.0pt"><i>any spaces, the defender immediately wins the Power Struggle. </i></p> +<p style="top:342.2pt;left:45.0pt"><i>Proceed to Aftermath of the battle (8.4).</i></p> +<p style="top:364.7pt;left:45.0pt"><b>8.3.2 Power Struggle Rounds:</b> The card play phase of a Power </p> +<p style="top:379.7pt;left:45.0pt">Struggle is divided into Power Struggle Rounds. Players conduct </p> +<p style="top:394.7pt;left:45.0pt">Power Struggle Rounds one at a time until the winner of the Power </p> +<p style="top:409.7pt;left:45.0pt">Struggle is determined. In each Round, follow the following pro­</p> +<p style="top:424.7pt;left:45.0pt">cedure:</p> +<p style="top:448.7pt;left:45.0pt"><b>STEP 1.</b> The attacker plays a Power Struggle card:</p> +<p style="top:466.6pt;left:45.0pt">• Any suited card (Rally in the Square, Strike, March, or Petition) </p> +<p style="top:481.6pt;left:56.2pt">may be played.</p> +<p style="top:499.3pt;left:45.0pt">• A leader card may be played, but only if the attacker controls a </p> +<p style="top:514.3pt;left:56.2pt">space of the leader’s type in the country. If a leader card is played, </p> +<p style="top:529.3pt;left:56.2pt">the attacker must select a suit. Proceed as if a suited card were </p> +<p style="top:544.3pt;left:56.2pt">played in that selected suit.</p> +<p style="top:562.0pt;left:45.0pt">• Any wild card can be played (EXCEPTION: <i>Tactic Fails</i>). If a </p> +<p style="top:577.0pt;left:56.2pt">wild card is played, follow its instructions, skip Steps 2 and 3 </p> +<p style="top:592.0pt;left:56.2pt">and begin a new Power Struggle Round with the defender as the </p> +<p style="top:607.0pt;left:56.2pt">new attacker. No response card from the defender is necessary.</p> +<p style="top:633.3pt;left:45.0pt">NOTE: If the attacker has no playable cards, the Power Struggle </p> +<p style="top:648.3pt;left:45.0pt">is over, and the defender is the winner. Proceed immediately to the </p> +<p style="top:663.3pt;left:45.0pt">Aftermath of the Power Struggle (8.4).</p> +<p style="top:688.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Democrat doesn’t have any wild cards. His </i></p> +<p style="top:703.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>longest suit is March where he has four cards, so he decides to </i></p> +<p style="top:718.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>lead a March. He chooses his strongest March card, which is </i></p> +<p style="top:733.9pt;left:50.6pt"><i>a March-6 . </i></p> +<p style="top:755.2pt;left:45.0pt"><b>STEP 2. </b>The defender can match the attacker’s card:</p> +<p style="top:773.1pt;left:45.0pt">• Any card of the same suit as the one played may be used.</p> +<p style="top:790.8pt;left:45.0pt">• A leader card may be used to match, but only if the defender </p> +<p style="top:805.8pt;left:56.2pt">controls a space of the leader’s type in the country.</p> +<p style="top:823.5pt;left:45.0pt">• <i>Tactic Fails</i> can be played at this time. If so, neither player may </p> +<p style="top:838.5pt;left:56.2pt">play a card in that suit (or designate that suit as the suit played </p> +<p style="top:853.5pt;left:56.2pt">when using a leader card) for the rest of the Power Struggle. The </p> +<p style="top:868.5pt;left:56.2pt">defender may not counterattack in the round in which he plays </p> +<p style="top:883.5pt;left:56.2pt">this card: skip Step 3 and begin a new Power Struggle Round </p> +<p style="top:898.5pt;left:56.2pt">with the attacker maintaining the initiative.</p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:393.8pt">NOTE: If the defender cannot or chooses not to match the attacker’s </p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:393.8pt">card, the Power Struggle is over and the attacker is the winner. The </p> +<p style="top:96.9pt;left:393.8pt">attacker is considered to have won the Power Struggle using the </p> +<p style="top:111.9pt;left:393.8pt">suit that he used to attack in Step 1. Proceed immediately to the </p> +<p style="top:126.9pt;left:393.8pt">Aftermath of the Power Struggle. (8.4)</p> +<p style="top:152.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Communist has a March card and an Elite </i></p> +<p style="top:167.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Leader card that he could play. He could not play his Intellec­</i></p> +<p style="top:182.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>tual Leader card because he does not control the Polish Writers </i></p> +<p style="top:197.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>space. He chooses to save the Elite Leader and plays his March </i></p> +<p style="top:212.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>card to match the Democrat’s card.</i></p> +<p style="top:233.8pt;left:393.8pt"><b>STEP 3. </b>The defender rolls a die to gain initiative:</p> +<p style="top:251.7pt;left:393.8pt">• To gain the initiative, the defender must roll equal to or higher </p> +<p style="top:266.7pt;left:405.0pt">than the rank of the Power Struggle card that the attacker used </p> +<p style="top:281.7pt;left:405.0pt">to attack.</p> +<p style="top:299.4pt;left:393.8pt">• Rally in the Square cards all have a rank of 1. If a card with </p> +<p style="top:314.4pt;left:405.0pt">this value is used to attack, the counterattack is automatic: no </p> +<p style="top:329.4pt;left:405.0pt">roll is needed.</p> +<p style="top:347.1pt;left:393.8pt">• If the defender gains the initiative, he takes the role of the attacker </p> +<p style="top:362.1pt;left:405.0pt">in the next Power Struggle Round. If not, the attacker maintains </p> +<p style="top:377.1pt;left:405.0pt">initiative and is once again the attacker.</p> +<p style="top:402.7pt;left:399.4pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Democrat led with a March 6, so the Commu­</i></p> +<p style="top:417.7pt;left:399.4pt"><i>nist must roll a 6 to seize the initiative. He rolls a 2 and so the </i></p> +<p style="top:432.7pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Democrat retains initiative and can lead another card.</i></p> +<p style="top:455.8pt;left:393.8pt"><b>8.3.3</b> A player cannot concede a Power Struggle if he has the ini­</p> +<p style="top:470.8pt;left:393.8pt">tiative. If he has a playable card, he must play that card.</p> +<p style="top:494.8pt;left:393.8pt"><b>8.3.4</b> A player must roll to counterattack if he is permitted to do so.</p> +<p style="top:523.8pt;left:399.4pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Democrat has retained the initiative. He plays </i></p> +<p style="top:538.8pt;left:399.4pt"><i>another March. As the attacker, he must play a card because he </i></p> +<p style="top:553.8pt;left:399.4pt"><i>has a playable card in his hand. The Communist elects to concede </i></p> +<p style="top:568.8pt;left:399.4pt"><i>the Power Struggle. Because he does not have initiative, he is not </i></p> +<p style="top:583.8pt;left:399.4pt"><i>required to play his Elite Leader card, even though he could play </i></p> +<p style="top:598.8pt;left:399.4pt"><i>the card to match the Democrat’s March. The Communist has </i></p> +<p style="top:613.8pt;left:399.4pt"><i>seen the writing on the wall and would rather lose to a March </i></p> +<p style="top:628.8pt;left:399.4pt"><i>than play his only Leader card and then be vulnerable to a Rally </i></p> +<p style="top:643.8pt;left:399.4pt"><i>in the Square. The Democrat wins the Power Struggle in Poland!</i></p> +<p style="top:675.2pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>8.4 AFTERMATH</b></p> +<p style="top:694.9pt;left:393.8pt"><b>8.4.1</b> After the winner of the Power Struggle is decided, there are </p> +<p style="top:709.9pt;left:393.8pt">two die rolls. The first determines how much Support the loser </p> +<p style="top:724.9pt;left:393.8pt">must remove from the country, and the second determines how </p> +<p style="top:739.9pt;left:393.8pt">many Victory Points the winner receives (and, if the winner is the </p> +<p style="top:754.9pt;left:393.8pt">Democrat, whether or not the Communist is toppled from power).</p> +<p style="top:772.8pt;left:393.8pt">• There is a –2 modifier to both rolls if a Petition was used to win </p> +<p style="top:787.8pt;left:405.0pt">the Power Struggle. </p> +<p style="top:805.5pt;left:393.8pt">• There is a +2 modifier to both rolls if a Rally in the Square was </p> +<p style="top:820.5pt;left:405.0pt">used to win the Power Struggle. </p> +<p style="top:838.2pt;left:393.8pt">• If either player Raised the Stakes in the Power Struggle, add </p> +<p style="top:853.2pt;left:405.0pt">a +1 modifier to both rolls for each player who did so. Even if </p> +<p style="top:868.2pt;left:405.0pt">the player who Raised the Stakes loses, the +1 modifier still ap­</p> +<p style="top:883.2pt;left:405.0pt">plies.</p> +<p style="top:900.9pt;left:393.8pt">• If the <i>‘Yakovlev Counsels Gorbachev’</i> Event is in effect and the </p> +</div> + +<div id="page12" style="background-image:url('rulebook12.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:282.4pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom </i></b><i>— RULES OF PLAY</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:30.9pt;left:46.6pt"><b><i>12</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:56.2pt">Democrat won the Power Struggle, he receives an additional +1 </p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:56.2pt">modifier to both rolls. </p> +<p style="top:108.1pt;left:45.0pt"><b>8.4.2 Support Loss Die Roll:</b> The loser rolls a die, modifies it using </p> +<p style="top:123.1pt;left:45.0pt">the modifiers described above, and checks the Support Loss column </p> +<p style="top:138.1pt;left:45.0pt">on the Power Struggle Results Table on the map to determine how </p> +<p style="top:153.1pt;left:45.0pt">many SPs he must remove from the country as a result of losing </p> +<p style="top:168.1pt;left:45.0pt">the Power Struggle. The loser chooses which SPs to remove. If </p> +<p style="top:183.1pt;left:45.0pt">the loser is required to lose more SPs than he has in the country, </p> +<p style="top:198.1pt;left:45.0pt">the surplus is ignored.</p> +<p style="top:223.8pt;left:50.6pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Communist has lost the Power Struggle. He rolls </i></p> +<p style="top:238.8pt;left:50.6pt"><i>a die for Support Loss, and the result is 1. Because the Democrat </i></p> +<p style="top:253.8pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Raised the Stakes, there is a +1 modifier so the modified result </i></p> +<p style="top:268.8pt;left:50.6pt"><i>is 2. Checking the Power Struggle Results Table, the Communist </i></p> +<p style="top:283.8pt;left:50.6pt"><i>must remove 1 Support. Because Warszawa is a Battleground </i></p> +<p style="top:298.8pt;left:50.6pt"><i>space, he removes 1 SP from Bydgoszcz.</i></p> +<p style="top:320.0pt;left:45.0pt"><b>8.4.3 Victory Point Die Roll:</b> The winner rolls a die, modifies </p> +<p style="top:335.0pt;left:45.0pt">it using the modifiers described above, and checks the Victory </p> +<p style="top:350.0pt;left:45.0pt">Points column on the Power Struggle Results Table on the map to </p> +<p style="top:365.0pt;left:45.0pt">determine how many VPs he receives as an award.</p> +<p style="top:390.6pt;left:50.6pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Democrat has won the Power Struggle. He rolls </i></p> +<p style="top:405.6pt;left:50.6pt"><i>a die for Victory Points, and the result is 3. Because he Raised the </i></p> +<p style="top:420.6pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Stakes, there is a +1 modifier so the modified result is 4. Checking </i></p> +<p style="top:435.6pt;left:50.6pt"><i>the Power Struggle Results Table, the Democrat earns 2 VPs.</i></p> +<p style="top:456.9pt;left:45.0pt"><b>8.4.4 The Democrat takes Power:</b> If the Democrat is the winner </p> +<p style="top:471.9pt;left:45.0pt">of the Power Struggle and his modified Victory Points Die Roll </p> +<p style="top:486.9pt;left:45.0pt">was 4 or more, the Communist loses Power in the country. Place </p> +<p style="top:501.9pt;left:45.0pt">a Democrat SP Marker next to the Scoring Box in the country and </p> +<p style="top:516.9pt;left:45.0pt">remove the Scoring card permanently from the Strategy deck. If </p> +<p style="top:531.9pt;left:45.0pt">the Communist wins the Power Struggle, or if the Democrat wins </p> +<p style="top:546.9pt;left:45.0pt">the Power Struggle but rolls a 3 or less after all modifiers, then the </p> +<p style="top:561.9pt;left:45.0pt">Communist retains Power.</p> +<p style="top:587.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Democrat’s modified result of 4 means the </i></p> +<p style="top:602.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Communist is toppled from Power. Poland has become a de­</i></p> +<p style="top:617.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>mocracy! The Democrat raises his glass and says, ”Sto Lat!” </i></p> +<p style="top:632.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>and “Na zdrowie!”</i></p> +<p style="top:653.8pt;left:45.0pt"><b>8.4.5 Communist voluntarily surrenders Power: </b>If the Commu­</p> +<p style="top:668.8pt;left:45.0pt">nist is not removed from Power, he may give up Power voluntarily </p> +<p style="top:683.8pt;left:45.0pt">at this time. He does not score for Power. Place a Democratic SP </p> +<p style="top:698.8pt;left:45.0pt">Marker next to the Scoring Box in the country and remove the </p> +<p style="top:713.8pt;left:45.0pt">Scoring card permanently from the Strategy deck.</p> +<p style="top:740.0pt;left:54.0pt"><i><span style="color:#76787a">“People, your government has returned to you!” —Czechoslo­</span></i></p> +<p style="top:755.0pt;left:54.0pt"><i><span style="color:#76787a">vak President Vaclav Havel, January 1, 1990</span></i></p> +<p style="top:781.2pt;left:45.0pt"><b>8.4.6 Scoring for Power:</b> If the Communist retains Power, </p> +<p style="top:796.2pt;left:45.0pt">the Power Struggle card remains in the game and is placed in </p> +<p style="top:811.2pt;left:45.0pt">the discard pile. The Communist scores a number of Victo­</p> +<p style="top:826.2pt;left:45.0pt">ry Points equal to the country's Power Value multiplied by the num­</p> +<p style="top:841.2pt;left:45.0pt">ber of times the Scoring card has been played. </p> +<p style="top:859.2pt;left:45.0pt">• A country’s Power Value can be found on its scoring box on the </p> +<p style="top:874.2pt;left:56.2pt">map.</p> +<p style="top:891.9pt;left:45.0pt">• The first time the Communist scores for Power in a country, place </p> +<p style="top:906.9pt;left:56.2pt">a Communist 1 value SP Marker next to the country’s scoring </p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:405.0pt">box. The next time the Scoring Card is played, if the Communist </p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:405.0pt">retains Power again, replace the 1 Communist SP with a 2 value </p> +<p style="top:96.9pt;left:405.0pt">Communist SP, and so on until the Democrat gains Power. This </p> +<p style="top:111.9pt;left:405.0pt">is a reminder for how many bonus VPs the Communist will earn </p> +<p style="top:126.9pt;left:405.0pt">for retaining Power in the next Power Struggle.</p> +<p style="top:152.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>EXAMPLE: Poland’s Power Value is 3. The first time the Commu</i><i>­</i></p> +<p style="top:167.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>nist scores for Power in Poland he earns –3 VPs, the second time </i></p> +<p style="top:182.5pt;left:399.4pt"><i>he would earn –6 VPs, and a third time would be worth –9 VPs. </i></p> +<p style="top:205.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>8.4.7 Democrat in Power: </b>The Democrat never scores for Power. </p> +<p style="top:220.6pt;left:393.8pt">If the Democrat takes Power, the Scoring card is removed from </p> +<p style="top:235.6pt;left:393.8pt">the game.</p> +<p style="top:266.4pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>8.5 Scoring</b></p> +<p style="top:286.1pt;left:393.8pt">The final action of each Power Struggle is to score VPs based on </p> +<p style="top:301.1pt;left:393.8pt">how much support each player has in the country after the Power </p> +<p style="top:316.1pt;left:393.8pt">Struggle. See 9.0 for details on how to do this.</p> +<p style="top:349.8pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">9.0 COUNTRY SCORING</span></b></p> +<p style="top:379.6pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>9.1 General Rule</b></p> +<p style="top:399.3pt;left:393.8pt">Country Scoring is the process of measuring how well a player is </p> +<p style="top:414.3pt;left:393.8pt">doing in a country and awarding victory points accordingly. Country </p> +<p style="top:429.3pt;left:393.8pt">Scoring takes place in a country at the following times:</p> +<p style="top:447.2pt;left:393.8pt">1. During the last step of a Power Struggle in a country</p> +<p style="top:464.9pt;left:393.8pt">2. During Final Scoring (10.4)</p> +<p style="top:495.6pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>9.2 Country Scoring Terms</b></p> +<p style="top:515.3pt;left:393.8pt">The following terms are used during country Scoring:</p> +<p style="top:536.0pt;left:393.8pt"><b>Presence: </b>A player has Presence in a country if he controls at least </p> +<p style="top:551.0pt;left:393.8pt">one space in that country.</p> +<p style="top:571.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>Domination:</b> A player achieves Domination of a country if he </p> +<p style="top:586.6pt;left:393.8pt">controls more spaces in that country than his opponent and he </p> +<p style="top:601.6pt;left:393.8pt">controls more Battleground spaces in that country than his oppo­</p> +<p style="top:616.6pt;left:393.8pt">nent. A player must control at least one non-Battleground and one </p> +<p style="top:631.6pt;left:393.8pt">Battleground space in a country in order to achieve Domination </p> +<p style="top:646.6pt;left:393.8pt">of that country.</p> +<p style="top:667.2pt;left:393.8pt"><b>Control:</b> A player has Control of a country if he controls more </p> +<p style="top:682.2pt;left:393.8pt">spaces in that country than his opponent and he controls all of the </p> +<p style="top:697.2pt;left:393.8pt">Battleground spaces in that country.</p> +<p style="top:728.0pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>9.3 Country Scoring Procedure</b></p> +<p style="top:747.7pt;left:393.8pt"><b>9.3.1</b> If a player has achieved Presence, Domination, or Control, </p> +<p style="top:762.7pt;left:393.8pt">he scores VPs equal to the number shown in the country’s Scoring </p> +<p style="top:777.7pt;left:393.8pt">Box for the highest of the three levels he has achieved.</p> +<p style="top:803.3pt;left:399.4pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Communist has Domination in Romania. He </i></p> +<p style="top:818.3pt;left:399.4pt"><i>receives 4 VPs for Domination. He does not receive an additional </i></p> +<p style="top:833.3pt;left:399.4pt"><i>2 VPs for Presence even though he technically has Presence in </i></p> +<p style="top:848.3pt;left:399.4pt"><i>the country.</i></p> +<p style="top:869.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>9.3.2 </b>Each player scores 1 additional VP for each Battleground </p> +<p style="top:884.6pt;left:393.8pt">space that he controls in the country. </p> +</div> + +<div id="page13" style="background-image:url('rulebook13.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:281.8pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom </i></b><i>— RULES OF PLAY</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:29.4pt;left:707.0pt"><b><i>13</i></b></p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:45.0pt"><b>9.3.3</b> Each player totals up his VPs, and the net difference between </p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:45.0pt">the two scores is marked on the Victory Point Track.</p> +<p style="top:107.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>EXAMPLE: The Communist plays the Poland Scoring Card. </i></p> +<p style="top:122.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>When it is time to score Poland at the end of the Power Struggle, </i></p> +<p style="top:137.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>the Communist controls Warszawa. The Democrat controls the </i></p> +<p style="top:152.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Polish Catholic Church, Polish Writers, Wroclaw and Krakow </i></p> +<p style="top:167.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>spaces. Of these spaces, only Warzawa, Wroclaw and Krakow </i></p> +<p style="top:182.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>are Battleground spaces. Therefore, the Democratic player would </i></p> +<p style="top:197.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>get points for Dominating Poland (6 VPs) + 2 VPs for control of </i></p> +<p style="top:212.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>two Battleground spaces (Wroclaw and Krakow). Because the </i></p> +<p style="top:227.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Democrat only has 1 SP in Gdansk, he does not control it. The </i></p> +<p style="top:242.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Communist would receive 3 VPs for Presence in Poland +1 VP </i></p> +<p style="top:257.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>for control of a Battleground space (Warszawa). Because the </i></p> +<p style="top:272.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>Democrat controls more Battleground spaces, more spaces over­</i></p> +<p style="top:287.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>all, and controls at least one non-Battleground space, he scores </i></p> +<p style="top:302.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>for Domination. Having calculated relative Victory Points (8 </i></p> +<p style="top:317.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>VPs for the Democrat, 4 VPs for the Communist), the difference </i></p> +<p style="top:332.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>between the two totals is 4. The VP marker is moved four spaces </i></p> +<p style="top:347.5pt;left:50.6pt"><i>on the VP point track toward Democratic victory.</i></p> +<p style="top:378.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">10.0 VICTORY CONDITIONS</span></b></p> +<p style="top:407.1pt;left:45.0pt">There are four ways a player can win at <i>1989:</i></p> +<p style="top:434.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>10.1 Automatic Victory: </b></p> +<p style="top:454.2pt;left:45.0pt">The instant one player reaches a score of 20 VP, the game is over </p> +<p style="top:469.2pt;left:45.0pt">and that player is the winner.</p> +<p style="top:489.8pt;left:45.0pt">• Do not check for Automatic Victory in a Power Struggle until </p> +<p style="top:504.8pt;left:56.2pt">the entire process is complete and all VP adjustments have been </p> +<p style="top:519.8pt;left:56.2pt">made (including country Scoring).</p> +<p style="top:537.5pt;left:45.0pt">• Automatic Victory does not apply in Final Scoring.</p> +<p style="top:570.5pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>10.2 Illegal Held Card</b></p> +<p style="top:590.2pt;left:45.0pt">If a player has a Scoring card in his hand in the Verify Held Cards </p> +<p style="top:605.2pt;left:45.0pt">step of a Turn (4.5.4), that player loses and his opponent is de­</p> +<p style="top:620.2pt;left:45.0pt">clared the winner. If both players hold Scoring Cards, the game is </p> +<p style="top:635.2pt;left:45.0pt">considered a draw.</p> +<p style="top:659.2pt;left:54.0pt"><i><span style="color:#76787a">“I’ve been looking for freedom.” —David Hasselhoff, Berlin, </span></i></p> +<p style="top:674.2pt;left:54.0pt"><i><span style="color:#76787a">December 31, 1989</span></i></p> +<p style="top:65.9pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>10.3 New Year’s Eve Party</b></p> +<p style="top:85.6pt;left:393.8pt">If the New Year’s Eve Party Event was played during a turn and </p> +<p style="top:100.6pt;left:393.8pt">the Communist chose to activate the Event, the game ends at the </p> +<p style="top:115.6pt;left:393.8pt">end of that turn without going to Final Scoring.</p> +<p style="top:133.5pt;left:393.8pt">• Before the game ends, the Democrat has the option to conduct </p> +<p style="top:148.5pt;left:405.0pt">a Power Struggle in any one country where the Communist still </p> +<p style="top:163.5pt;left:405.0pt">holds Power. If he does so, a Power Struggle is resolved just as </p> +<p style="top:178.5pt;left:405.0pt">if the country’s scoring card had been played, including country </p> +<p style="top:193.5pt;left:405.0pt">Scoring.</p> +<p style="top:211.2pt;left:393.8pt">• The Democrat begins the Power Struggle with the initiative.</p> +<p style="top:235.2pt;left:393.8pt">• Note: If the Democrat chooses Romania for the final Power </p> +<p style="top:250.2pt;left:405.0pt">Struggle,<i> The Crowd Turns Against Ceausescu</i> does take place if </p> +<p style="top:265.2pt;left:405.0pt">the card has been played for the Event but the effect has not yet </p> +<p style="top:280.2pt;left:405.0pt">taken place. <i>The Tyrant is Gone</i> cannot take place because the </p> +<p style="top:295.2pt;left:405.0pt">game ends immediately after the Power Struggle is resolved.</p> +<p style="top:312.9pt;left:393.8pt">• After the final Power Struggle (if any), the player in the lead is </p> +<p style="top:327.9pt;left:405.0pt">declared the winner, as if at the end of Final Scoring (10.4.3).</p> +<p style="top:360.9pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>10.4 Final Scoring</b></p> +<p style="top:380.6pt;left:393.8pt"><b>10.4.1</b> If neither side has achieved victory of any kind by the end </p> +<p style="top:395.6pt;left:393.8pt">of turn 10, then every country is scored according to the rules for </p> +<p style="top:410.6pt;left:393.8pt">country Scoring (9.0). No Power Struggles are conducted, and the </p> +<p style="top:425.6pt;left:393.8pt">Communist does not score for Power. However, the Communist </p> +<p style="top:440.6pt;left:393.8pt">does get a Final Scoring bonus for the number of countries where </p> +<p style="top:455.6pt;left:393.8pt">he retains Power:</p> +<p style="top:484.0pt;left:469.8pt"><b><i>Countries</i></b></p> +<p style="top:484.0pt;left:575.3pt"><b><i>VP Bonus</i></b></p> +<p style="top:503.3pt;left:492.1pt">1</p> +<p style="top:503.3pt;left:595.0pt">–4</p> +<p style="top:522.7pt;left:492.1pt">2</p> +<p style="top:522.7pt;left:595.0pt">–8</p> +<p style="top:542.1pt;left:492.1pt">3</p> +<p style="top:542.1pt;left:591.9pt">–12</p> +<p style="top:561.5pt;left:492.1pt">4</p> +<p style="top:561.5pt;left:591.9pt">–16</p> +<p style="top:580.8pt;left:492.1pt">5</p> +<p style="top:580.8pt;left:591.9pt">–20</p> +<p style="top:600.2pt;left:492.1pt">6</p> +<p style="top:600.2pt;left:591.9pt">–24</p> +<p style="top:630.2pt;left:393.8pt">10.4.2 Reaching 20 VPs or –20 VPs does not result in Automatic </p> +<p style="top:645.2pt;left:393.8pt">Victory during Final Scoring. </p> +<p style="top:669.2pt;left:393.8pt"><b>10.4.3</b> Once all countries have been scored and the Communist has </p> +<p style="top:684.2pt;left:393.8pt">been given his bonus points, victory goes to the player who as accrued </p> +<p style="top:699.2pt;left:393.8pt">the most VPs. If the VP marker is on a positive number, the Democrat </p> +<p style="top:714.2pt;left:393.8pt">wins; if the VP marker is on a negative number, the Communist wins. </p> +<p style="top:729.2pt;left:393.8pt">If the VP marker is on zero, the game ends in a draw.</p> +</div> + +<div id="page14" style="background-image:url('rulebook14.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:282.4pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom </i></b><i>— RULES OF PLAY</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:30.9pt;left:46.6pt"><b><i>14</i></b></p> +<p style="top:65.0pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">11.0 CARD CLARIFICATIONS</span></b></p> +<p style="top:93.7pt;left:212.2pt"><b>11.1 Austria-Hungary Border </b></p> +<p style="top:108.7pt;left:212.2pt"><b>Reopened:</b> If the Democrat is </p> +<p style="top:123.7pt;left:212.2pt">performing Support Checks in </p> +<p style="top:138.7pt;left:212.2pt">East Germany while this card is </p> +<p style="top:153.7pt;left:212.2pt">in effect, the Operations value </p> +<p style="top:168.7pt;left:212.2pt">bonus can only be used if both </p> +<p style="top:183.7pt;left:212.2pt">support checks take place in </p> +<p style="top:198.7pt;left:212.2pt">East Germany. If the first sup­</p> +<p style="top:213.7pt;left:212.2pt">port check is being made in East </p> +<p style="top:228.7pt;left:212.2pt">Germany, the Democrat must </p> +<p style="top:243.7pt;left:212.2pt">state whether he intends to use </p> +<p style="top:258.7pt;left:212.2pt">the bonus (thereby committing </p> +<p style="top:273.7pt;left:212.2pt">to the second Support Check </p> +<p style="top:288.7pt;left:212.2pt">in East Germany) or not. If the </p> +<p style="top:303.7pt;left:212.2pt">Democrat does not explicitly </p> +<p style="top:318.7pt;left:212.2pt">state he is using the bonus before </p> +<p style="top:333.7pt;left:212.2pt">rolling the die, he may not use it. </p> +<p style="top:357.7pt;left:212.2pt"><b>11.2 General Strike:</b> The Com­</p> +<p style="top:372.7pt;left:212.2pt">munist player begins discarding </p> +<p style="top:387.7pt;left:212.2pt">a card and rolling during the </p> +<p style="top:402.7pt;left:212.2pt">Action Round following the </p> +<p style="top:417.7pt;left:212.2pt">event taking place. He discards </p> +<p style="top:432.7pt;left:212.2pt">only 1 card per Action Round. </p> +<p style="top:447.7pt;left:212.2pt">This event may stay in effect for </p> +<p style="top:462.7pt;left:212.2pt">more than 1 turn.</p> +<p style="top:486.7pt;left:212.2pt"><b>11.3 Helsinki Final Act: </b>This </p> +<p style="top:501.7pt;left:212.2pt">card has an Event title in red </p> +<p style="top:516.7pt;left:212.2pt">although it is not a pre-requisite </p> +<p style="top:531.7pt;left:212.2pt">for another Democratic Event. </p> +<p style="top:546.7pt;left:212.2pt">The red title allows the Democrat </p> +<p style="top:561.7pt;left:212.2pt">to take the card from the Com­</p> +<p style="top:576.7pt;left:212.2pt">munist and play it for the Event </p> +<p style="top:591.7pt;left:212.2pt">using the <i>Goodbye Lenin!</i> Event.</p> +<p style="top:625.4pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">12.0 U.S.S.R. STABILITY </span></b></p> +<p style="top:649.2pt;left:45.0pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">TRACK</span></b></p> +<p style="top:677.8pt;left:54.0pt"><i><span style="color:#76787a">“Should Gorbachev be toppled, then our larger vision of </span></i></p> +<p style="top:692.8pt;left:54.0pt"><i><span style="color:#76787a">democracy in Eastern Europe shall vanish.”—British Prime </span></i></p> +<p style="top:707.8pt;left:54.0pt"><i><span style="color:#76787a">Minister Margaret Thatcher to American President George </span></i></p> +<p style="top:722.8pt;left:54.0pt"><i><span style="color:#76787a">Bush, November 18, 1989</span></i></p> +<p style="top:745.3pt;left:45.0pt"><b>12.1</b> The U.S.S.R. is stable at the start of the game, but through </p> +<p style="top:760.3pt;left:45.0pt">the play of Events the peoples of the Baltic Republics (Lithuania, </p> +<p style="top:775.3pt;left:45.0pt">Latvia and Estonia) will begin the process of declaring their inde­</p> +<p style="top:790.3pt;left:45.0pt">pendence from the U.S.S.R.</p> +<p style="top:814.3pt;left:45.0pt"><b>12.2</b> When the <i>Sajudis</i> Event takes place, move the USSR stability </p> +<p style="top:829.3pt;left:45.0pt">marker to that space.</p> +<p style="top:853.3pt;left:45.0pt"><b>12.3</b> When <i>The Baltic Way</i> Event takes place, advance the USSR </p> +<p style="top:868.3pt;left:45.0pt">stability marker to that space.</p> +<p style="top:892.3pt;left:45.0pt"><b>12.4</b> When the <i>Breakaway Baltic Republics</i> Event takes place, </p> +<p style="top:907.3pt;left:45.0pt">advance the USSR stability marker to that space. Note: once </p> +<p style="top:66.9pt;left:393.8pt"><i>Breakaway Baltic Republics</i> has taken place, <i>Gorbachev Charms </i></p> +<p style="top:81.9pt;left:393.8pt"><i>the West</i> can no longer be played as an Event.</p> +<p style="top:105.9pt;left:393.8pt"><b>12.5</b> When <i>Kremlin Coup!</i> takes place, advance the USSR stability </p> +<p style="top:120.9pt;left:393.8pt">marker to that space.</p> +<p style="top:144.9pt;left:393.8pt"><b>12.6</b> The VPs associated with these Events are stated beside the </p> +<p style="top:159.9pt;left:393.8pt">space on the Track and on the cards.</p> +<p style="top:193.6pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">13.0 Play Balance Mechanism </span></b></p> +<p style="top:217.4pt;left:393.8pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">[Optional Rule]</span></b></p> +<p style="top:246.0pt;left:393.8pt">Prior to drawing cards, the players take several Democrat and </p> +<p style="top:261.0pt;left:393.8pt">Communist Support Point markers with a value of 1 each into their </p> +<p style="top:276.0pt;left:393.8pt">hands and place their hands under the table out of sight of the other </p> +<p style="top:291.0pt;left:393.8pt">player. Each player decides how many additional Support Points </p> +<p style="top:306.0pt;left:393.8pt">he will offer the opponent to play his chosen side. Each player then </p> +<p style="top:321.0pt;left:393.8pt">places the number of Support Points in his right hand and raises </p> +<p style="top:336.0pt;left:393.8pt">his right hand to the table. The number and side of each player’s </p> +<p style="top:351.0pt;left:393.8pt">bid is revealed simultaneously. </p> +<p style="top:375.0pt;left:393.8pt">If both players offered Support Points to the opponent for the same </p> +<p style="top:390.0pt;left:393.8pt">side, the more generous bid wins. The other player takes these </p> +<p style="top:405.0pt;left:393.8pt">support points and places them on the Map after the players have </p> +<p style="top:420.0pt;left:393.8pt">completed the placement of additional Support Points in Rule 3.4. </p> +<p style="top:435.0pt;left:393.8pt">The placement of these additional Support Points must comply </p> +<p style="top:450.0pt;left:393.8pt">with Rule 3.5. If the bids are identical, each player rolls a die. The </p> +<p style="top:465.0pt;left:393.8pt">player with the higher die roll choses which bid is the winner. If </p> +<p style="top:480.0pt;left:393.8pt">the players offer SPs for opposite sides, they each take the side the </p> +<p style="top:495.0pt;left:393.8pt">opponent offered and the additional SPs are ignored.</p> +<p style="top:524.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>EXAMPLE: Bruce opens his right hand to reveal 2 Democrat SPs. </i></p> +<p style="top:539.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>Jason opens his hand to reveal only 1 Democrat SP. Bruce has </i></p> +<p style="top:554.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>won the bid and hands the 2 Democrat SPs to Jason. Bruce will </i></p> +<p style="top:569.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>be the Communist. Jason will place these 2 additional Democrat </i></p> +<p style="top:584.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>SPs after the players have completed placing their additional 7 </i></p> +<p style="top:599.0pt;left:399.4pt"><i>SPs under rule 3.4.</i></p> +</div> + +<div id="page15" style="background-image:url('rulebook15.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:281.8pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom </i></b><i>— RULES OF PLAY</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:29.4pt;left:707.0pt"><b><i>15</i></b></p> +<p style="top:70.4pt;left:340.2pt;font-size:20.0pt"><b><span style="color:#ffffff">I N D E X</span></b></p> +<p style="top:111.9pt;left:59.0pt">Action Rounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5.2 </p> +<p style="top:134.4pt;left:59.0pt">Aftermath of Power Struggle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4</p> +<p style="top:156.9pt;left:59.0pt">Austria-Hungary Border Reopened . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1</p> +<p style="top:179.4pt;left:59.0pt">Automatic Victory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1 </p> +<p style="top:201.9pt;left:59.0pt">Battleground Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.5</p> +<p style="top:224.4pt;left:59.0pt">Bureacrat Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.3</p> +<p style="top:246.9pt;left:59.0pt">Church Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.3</p> +<p style="top:269.4pt;left:59.0pt">Control (country) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2</p> +<p style="top:291.9pt;left:59.0pt">Controlling Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.7</p> +<p style="top:314.4pt;left:59.0pt">Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.1</p> +<p style="top:336.9pt;left:59.0pt">Country Scoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0</p> +<p style="top:359.4pt;left:59.0pt">Deal Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5.1, 8.1</p> +<p style="top:381.9pt;left:59.0pt">Discarded Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3</p> +<p style="top:404.4pt;left:59.0pt">Domination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2</p> +<p style="top:426.9pt;left:59.0pt">Eastern Europe and the Balkans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.2</p> +<p style="top:449.4pt;left:59.0pt">Elite Space (limousine) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.3</p> +<p style="top:471.9pt;left:59.0pt">Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1-5.3, 7.0</p> +<p style="top:494.4pt;left:59.0pt">Extra Support Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5.2</p> +<p style="top:516.9pt;left:59.0pt">Farmer Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.3</p> +<p style="top:539.4pt;left:59.0pt">Final Scoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5.7, 10.4</p> +<p style="top:561.9pt;left:59.0pt">General Strike Event . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2</p> +<p style="top:584.4pt;left:59.0pt">Helsinki Final Act Event . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3</p> +<p style="top:606.9pt;left:59.0pt">Intellectual Space (typewriter) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.3</p> +<p style="top:629.4pt;left:59.0pt">Lasting Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2</p> +<p style="top:651.9pt;left:59.0pt">Leaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.2</p> +<p style="top:674.4pt;left:59.0pt">Minority Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.3</p> +<p style="top:696.9pt;left:59.0pt">New Year’s Eve Party . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5.5, 10.3</p> +<p style="top:111.9pt;left:393.8pt">Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0</p> +<p style="top:134.4pt;left:393.8pt">Phasing Player . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2</p> +<p style="top:156.9pt;left:393.8pt">Presence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2</p> +<p style="top:179.4pt;left:393.8pt">Power Struggle Deck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3</p> +<p style="top:201.9pt;left:393.8pt">Power Struggles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0</p> +<p style="top:224.4pt;left:393.8pt">Power Struggle Rounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3.2</p> +<p style="top:246.9pt;left:393.8pt">Raise the Stakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2</p> +<p style="top:269.4pt;left:393.8pt">Reshuffle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3</p> +<p style="top:291.9pt;left:393.8pt">Romanian Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6</p> +<p style="top:314.4pt;left:393.8pt">Scoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5</p> +<p style="top:336.9pt;left:393.8pt">Scoring Boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.9</p> +<p style="top:359.4pt;left:393.8pt">Socio-Economic Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.3</p> +<p style="top:381.9pt;left:393.8pt">Stability number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.4</p> +<p style="top:404.4pt;left:393.8pt">Student Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.3</p> +<p style="top:426.9pt;left:393.8pt">Strategy Deck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2</p> +<p style="top:449.4pt;left:393.8pt">Support Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5.3, 6.2</p> +<p style="top:471.9pt;left:393.8pt">Support Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.1</p> +<p style="top:494.4pt;left:393.8pt">Support Points (SPs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1</p> +<p style="top:516.9pt;left:393.8pt">Tiananmen Square . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3</p> +<p style="top:539.4pt;left:393.8pt">Unplayable Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5</p> +<p style="top:561.9pt;left:393.8pt">U.S.S.R. Stability Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.0</p> +<p style="top:584.4pt;left:393.8pt">Victory Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.0</p> +<p style="top:606.9pt;left:393.8pt">Victory Point Die Roll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4.3</p> +<p style="top:629.4pt;left:393.8pt">Victory Point Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.10</p> +<p style="top:651.9pt;left:393.8pt">Wild Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3.2</p> +<p style="top:674.4pt;left:393.8pt">Worker Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.3</p> +</div> + +<div id="page16" style="background-image:url('rulebook16.jpg');width:765.0pt;height:990.0pt"> +<p style="top:29.7pt;left:282.4pt"><b><i>1989 </i></b><b><i>Dawn of Freedom </i></b><i>— RULES OF PLAY</i></p> +<p style="top:944.2pt;left:316.4pt"><i>© 2020 GMT Games, LLC</i></p> +<p style="top:30.9pt;left:46.6pt"><b><i>16</i></b></p> +<p style="top:879.9pt;left:562.3pt"><b>GMT Games, LLC</b></p> +<p style="top:894.4pt;left:477.2pt;font-size:11.2pt">P.O. Box 1308, Hanford, CA 93232-1308</p> +<p style="top:907.9pt;left:558.9pt;font-size:11.2pt">www.GMTGames.com</p> +<p style="top:297.4pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:22.5pt"><b><span style="color:#813a38">CREDITS</span></b></p> +<p style="top:325.2pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt"><b>Game Design:</b> Jason Matthews and Ted Torgerson</p> +<p style="top:344.6pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt"><b>Game Development:</b> Bruce Wigdor</p> +<p style="top:364.0pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt"><b>Clio's Corner Articles:</b> Malte M. Heinrich</p> +<p style="top:383.4pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt"><b>Art Director, Cover Art and Package Design: </b>Rodger B. Mac­</p> +<p style="top:397.1pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt">Gowan</p> +<p style="top:416.5pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt"><b>Map and Card Art:</b> Donal Hegarty</p> +<p style="top:435.9pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt"><b>Counter Art:</b> Leland Myrick and Mark Simonitch</p> +<p style="top:455.2pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt"><b>Rules Layout:</b> Mark Simonitch</p> +<p style="top:474.6pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt"><b>Lead Playtesting:</b> Charles Robinson, Riku Riekkinen, Daniel </p> +<p style="top:488.4pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt">Dunbring, Patrick Martin, Brendan Majev</p> +<p style="top:507.7pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt"><b>Playtesters:</b> "The Wargameroom Regulars" Dave Blizzard, </p> +<p style="top:521.5pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt">Steven Bauer, Sean Djafovic, Roger Leroux, Judit Szepessey, </p> +<p style="top:535.2pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt">Jeff Aaronson, Rui Serrabulho, Matt Davis, Michael See</p> +<p style="top:554.6pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt"><b><i>Special Thanks</i></b> to Patrick Martin for stat compilation and anal­</p> +<p style="top:568.4pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt">ysis of playtest results.</p> +<p style="top:587.7pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt"><b>Rules Editing: </b>Hans Korting and Jonathan Squibb</p> +<p style="top:607.1pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt"><b>Production Coordination:</b> Tony Curtis</p> +<p style="top:626.5pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt"><b>Producers:</b> Tony Curtis, Rodger MacGowan, Andy Lewis, Gene </p> +<p style="top:640.2pt;left:406.6pt;font-size:11.9pt">Billingsley and Mark Simonitch</p> +<p style="top:78.7pt;left:405.0pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>Appendix A: Distribution of Power </b></p> +<p style="top:95.0pt;left:405.0pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>Struggle Deck</b></p> +<p style="top:114.7pt;left:405.0pt">6 Rally in the Squares (all initiative value 1)</p> +<p style="top:132.4pt;left:405.0pt">12 Marches (2 with initiative value 6, 2 with 5, 4 with 4, and </p> +<p style="top:147.4pt;left:421.2pt">4 with 3)</p> +<p style="top:165.1pt;left:405.0pt">12 Strikes (2 with initiative value 6, 2 with 5, 4 with 4, and 4 </p> +<p style="top:180.1pt;left:421.2pt">with 3)</p> +<p style="top:197.8pt;left:405.0pt">6 Petitions (3 with initiative value 6, and 3 with 5)</p> +<p style="top:215.5pt;left:405.0pt">12 Leaders (4 Intellectual, 4 Elite, 2 Worker, 1 Church, and 1 </p> +<p style="top:230.5pt;left:421.2pt">Student, all initiative value 3)</p> +<p style="top:248.2pt;left:405.0pt">4 Wild Cards (all surrender initiative)</p> +<p style="top:74.5pt;left:56.2pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>Turn Sequence</b></p> +<p style="top:94.2pt;left:56.2pt">1. Deal Strategy Cards</p> +<p style="top:111.9pt;left:56.2pt">2. Play Action Rounds</p> +<p style="top:129.6pt;left:56.2pt">3. Make Extra Support Check (if applicable)</p> +<p style="top:147.3pt;left:56.2pt">4. Verify Held Cards</p> +<p style="top:165.0pt;left:56.2pt">5. Celebrate New Year’s Eve Party (if applicable)</p> +<p style="top:182.7pt;left:56.2pt">6. Advance Turn Marker</p> +<p style="top:200.4pt;left:56.2pt">7. Calculate Final Scoring (after turn 10)</p> +<p style="top:246.7pt;left:56.2pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>9.2 Country Scoring Terms</b></p> +<p style="top:266.4pt;left:56.2pt"><b>Presence: </b>A player has Presence in a country if it controls at </p> +<p style="top:281.4pt;left:56.2pt">least one space in that country.</p> +<p style="top:302.1pt;left:56.2pt"><b>Domination:</b> A player achieves Domination of a country if </p> +<p style="top:317.1pt;left:56.2pt">he controls more spaces in that country than his opponent and </p> +<p style="top:332.1pt;left:56.2pt">he controls more Battleground spaces in that country than his </p> +<p style="top:347.1pt;left:56.2pt">opponent. A player must control at least one non-Battleground </p> +<p style="top:362.1pt;left:56.2pt">and one Battleground space in a country in order to achieve </p> +<p style="top:377.1pt;left:56.2pt">Domination of that country.</p> +<p style="top:397.7pt;left:56.2pt"><b>Control:</b> A player has Control of a country if he controls more </p> +<p style="top:412.7pt;left:56.2pt">spaces in that country than his opponent and he controls all of </p> +<p style="top:427.7pt;left:56.2pt">the Battleground spaces in that country.</p> +<p style="top:480.1pt;left:56.2pt;font-size:15.0pt"><b>6.2 SUPPORT CHECKS</b></p> +<p style="top:499.8pt;left:56.2pt"><b>PURPOSE:</b> To reduce opponent Support in a country, and </p> +<p style="top:514.8pt;left:56.2pt">possibly to add friendly support if the Support check is suc­</p> +<p style="top:529.8pt;left:56.2pt">cessful enough.</p> +<p style="top:553.8pt;left:56.2pt"><b>PROCEDURE:</b> Each Strategy Card played for Support Checks </p> +<p style="top:568.8pt;left:56.2pt">gives two Support Checks to the Phasing Player, regardless of </p> +<p style="top:583.8pt;left:56.2pt">the card’s Operations value. The player must resolve the first </p> +<p style="top:598.8pt;left:56.2pt">Support Check before declaring the next target.</p> +<p style="top:622.8pt;left:56.2pt"><b>REQUIREMENT:</b> To attempt a Support Check in a space, </p> +<p style="top:637.8pt;left:56.2pt">the space must have opponent SPs. </p> +<p style="top:661.8pt;left:56.2pt"><b>RESOLUTION:</b> Multiply the Stability Number of the target </p> +<p style="top:676.8pt;left:56.2pt">space by two (x2). Then roll a die, and add the Ops value of </p> +<p style="top:691.8pt;left:56.2pt">the card played to the die roll plus any DRMs as listed below. </p> +<p style="top:706.8pt;left:56.2pt">If the modified die roll is greater than the doubled Stability </p> +<p style="top:721.8pt;left:56.2pt">Number, the Support Check succeeds, and the phasing player </p> +<p style="top:736.8pt;left:56.2pt">removes opposing SPs equal to the difference from the target </p> +<p style="top:751.8pt;left:56.2pt">space. If there are insufficient opposing SPs to remove, add </p> +<p style="top:766.8pt;left:56.2pt">friendly SPs to make up the difference.</p> +<p style="top:784.7pt;left:56.2pt"><b>DIE ROLL MODIFIERS:</b></p> +<p style="top:802.6pt;left:56.2pt">• +1 for each adjacent friendly controlled space</p> +<p style="top:820.3pt;left:56.2pt">• –1 for each adjacent opponent controlled space</p> +</div> + +</body> +</html> diff --git a/info/rulebook1.jpg b/info/rulebook1.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..01f8942 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook1.jpg diff --git a/info/rulebook10.jpg b/info/rulebook10.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..3242ef1 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook10.jpg diff --git a/info/rulebook11.jpg b/info/rulebook11.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..89d8c3b --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook11.jpg diff --git a/info/rulebook12.jpg b/info/rulebook12.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..fe05e43 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook12.jpg diff --git a/info/rulebook13.jpg b/info/rulebook13.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..0120958 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook13.jpg diff --git a/info/rulebook14.jpg b/info/rulebook14.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..968d3fa --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook14.jpg diff --git a/info/rulebook15.jpg b/info/rulebook15.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..a0642da --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook15.jpg diff --git a/info/rulebook16.jpg b/info/rulebook16.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..9ba06b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook16.jpg diff --git a/info/rulebook2.jpg b/info/rulebook2.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..647ad0b --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook2.jpg diff --git a/info/rulebook3.jpg b/info/rulebook3.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..9dc3dec --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook3.jpg diff --git a/info/rulebook4.jpg b/info/rulebook4.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..9a13019 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook4.jpg diff --git a/info/rulebook5.jpg b/info/rulebook5.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..784903c --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook5.jpg diff --git a/info/rulebook6.jpg b/info/rulebook6.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..98042f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook6.jpg diff --git a/info/rulebook7.jpg b/info/rulebook7.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..492e199 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook7.jpg diff --git a/info/rulebook8.jpg b/info/rulebook8.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..92ffbe3 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook8.jpg diff --git a/info/rulebook9.jpg b/info/rulebook9.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..1a52ae6 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/rulebook9.jpg |
